Top Six Healthiest Cities in the World全球六大最健康城市

What defines a healthy city？ Is it a place with a lot of open spaces where people can exercise and enjoy the fresh air？ A place with little or no pollution？ A place where people can freely socialize and express their ideas without the fear of oppression？ According to think tanks like the Economist Intelligence Unit and Gallup Poll it's all that plus more. Other considerations were the availability of health and fitness facilities， an excellent healthcare program and sincere efforts by the local government to actively promote health and wellness among its citizens. Of all the cities in the world， the honor of the top six healthiest cities goes to the following.

健康城市是個什么概念？是一個有許多空地供人們鍛煉和呼吸新鮮空氣的地方？是一個低污染或者零污染的地方？還是這個地方的民眾可以自由社交和表達自己的觀點而無須擔心受打壓？根據經濟學人信息部和蓋洛普民意調查等智庫機構的觀點，健康城市除了要滿足上述所有條件之外，還要具備更多其他因素。這些考慮因素包括健身設施的可用性、健全的醫療保健系統，以及當地政府對于積極提高民眾身心健康的真誠努力。在全球所有的城市中，最健康的前六座城市這一榮譽屬于以下這些城市。

Zurich， Switzerland

Zurich residents have a competitive yet healthy attitude when it comes to sports. Sports play an active part in how they keep fit and in the general civic1） mindset2）. There are many types of sports facilities to choose from and many international sporting organizations also have their main headquarters located there. Aside from the body， the Zurich local government also pays attention to cultivating the mind. There are more than nine museums in the city， including the Swiss National Museum and the Rietberg Museum which houses exhibits from all over the globe. It also has three of the country's biggest universities. Like the Austrians， the Swiss also take good care of their citizens when it comes to healthcare. The Swiss government spends more than 11% of its Gross Domestic Product for universal healthcare coverage.

瑞士的蘇黎世

就體育運動而言，蘇黎世居民抱著既重競爭又重健康的態度。運動在市民的整體精神風貌和他們如何保持身體健康這兩個方面都發揮著積極的作用。這里有多種類型的體育設施可供人們選擇，許多國際體育組織也將他們的總部設立于此。除了對健康體魄的追求，蘇黎世地方政府還注重陶冶心靈。市內至少有九個博物館，其中就有瑞士國家博物館和里特貝格博物館，后者館藏有來自世界各地的展品。蘇黎世還有三所高校躋身瑞士規模最大的高校之列。同奧地利一樣，瑞士也十分注重公民的醫療保健，瑞士政府將其國內生產總值的11%都用于全民醫保的覆蓋。

Calgary， Canada

In 2008， Forbes magazine declared this city in Alberta， Canada the cleanest city in the world. It may no longer have that record but it is still one of the cleanest in the world today. There are great ways to keep fit all year round. In the colder months， tourists and residents can choose to ski， snowboard， or luge3）； in the summer months people can go biking along the trails or go waterskiing at the Predator Bay Water Skiing club. Golfers can also get their green in Calgary. The city is also home to centers of arts and culture like the Olympic Plaza in the Arts District， the Calgary Public Library， and the Alberta Ballet Center.

加拿大的卡爾加里

2008年，《福布斯》雜志宣布位于加拿大艾伯塔省的這座城市為全球最干凈的城市。如今，它可能已經不再保有這一佳績，卻依然是全球最干凈的城市之一。這里有很多極好的方式可以讓人一年四季保持健康。在較冷的月份里，游客和當地居民可以選擇滑雪、單板滑雪或雪橇比賽；在夏天那幾個月里，人們可以沿著鄉間小路騎行或是去捕食者灣滑水俱樂部滑水。喜歡打高爾夫球的人也能在卡爾加里找到場地。這里還是各類文化藝術中心的所在地，像卡爾加里公共圖書館、艾伯塔芭蕾中心以及位于藝術區的奧林匹克廣場都在該市。

Auckland， New Zealand

Men and women in this city can expect to live up to 80 years old. There's a great healthcare plan， lots of healthy things to do， and sunshine， lots of sunshine. A third more sunshine than those living in London can come to expect every year. Watersports are common in the city， particularly sailing. An estimated one in every three Aucklanders own a boat. As much as hundreds of yachts4） or sailboats can converge5） on Viaduct Basin at any given time， giving the city the name the City of Sails. The city also has the Auckland Art Gallery and hosts the biennial6） Auckland Festival which showcases7） local and international music， dance， arts， and theater.

新西蘭的奧克蘭

奧克蘭的居民可以期望活到80歲。這里有完善的醫保計劃，有很多有益于健康的事情可做，還有陽光。這里的陽光十分充足，每年要比住在倫敦的人所能期待看到的還要多上三分之一。水上運動，特別是帆船運動，在這座城市非常普遍。據估計，每三個奧克蘭人中就有一人擁有一艘船。維亞達克灣在隨便任何一個時間都聚集著多達數以百計的游艇或帆船，這使得奧克蘭有了“帆船之都”的美名。該市還有奧克蘭美術館，并且每兩年會舉辦一屆奧克蘭藝術節，為人們展示當地和國際的音樂、舞蹈、藝術和戲劇。

Sydney， Australia

Blessed with abundant parkland and all-year-round good weather， the Sydney government has done well in building many parks and trails where people can go out to exercise or just enjoy the fresh air. So much so that enjoying the outdoors is a proud part of Sydney culture. There are also many fitness gyms and sports facilities， holdovers8） from the city hosting the 2000 Summer Olympics， to make sure the populations stays fit and healthy. Sydney also ranks high in education with learning not being limited to school and universities but a number of museums including several designed for children. Despite being a developed city， pollution in Sydney is also among the world's lowest， thanks to their focus on the use of bicycles and constant planting and maintenance of trees.

澳大利亞的悉尼

由于擁有大片綠地和全年無休的好天氣這樣得天獨厚的自然條件，悉尼市政府在修建眾多公園和休閑步道方面做得非常好，人們可以前去鍛煉或是僅僅享受清新的空氣。這些讓熱愛戶外活動成為悉尼文化中引以為傲的一部分。這里還有很多健身房和體育設施，它們都是該市舉辦2000年夏季奧運會時遺留下來的，可以確保居民保持身體健康。悉尼在教育方面排名也很靠前，悉尼人并不將學習局限于學校或大學，而將其擴展到了許多博物館，其中還有幾個是專為兒童設計的。盡管悉尼是一座發達都市，但其受污染程度卻處于全球最低水平，這多虧了悉尼人對騎車出行和持續不斷的林木種植及養護的關注。

Stockholm， Sweden

Stockholm is home to more than a hundred museums， one of the highest concentrations in the world， making it a great place for appreciating culture and the arts. These museums include the Fotografiska， one of the world's largest meeting places for contemporary photography； the Skansen Open-Air Museum and the Gamlastan—not just a museum but one of the oldest and largest medieval city centers in the continent. Stockholm is not all about the mental. The city residents love to walk and prefer legging it over motorized transportation any day. Never mind if the location is a mile away， or if it's snowing， or if there's a frozen lake between them and the destination， they will try to walk it during winter and bike over to it during summer. The result is a population that is healthy and used to physical activity and an environment that is free from pollution. In 2010 the city was awarded the European Green Capital Award by the EU Commission.

瑞典的斯德哥爾摩

斯德哥爾摩坐擁上百家博物館，是全世界博物館最集中的城市之一，這使其成為欣賞文化藝術的一個好去處。在這些博物館中，攝影博物館是世界上最大的參觀當代攝影作品的去處之一，還有斯坎森露天博物館和老城——后者不只是一座博物館，更是整個歐洲大陸最大最古老的中世紀城市中心之一。斯德哥爾摩并非全都只與精神享受有關。無論哪一天，這個城市的居民都喜歡走路，比起機動化的交通方式，他們更愿意徒步出行。不管目的地遠在一英里之外，還是在下雪，抑或是有一個冰封的湖橫在他們和目的地之間，這些都沒關系，他們冬天會設法步行過去，夏天則會選擇騎車過去。這樣做的結果就是，不但居民們擁有健康的身體并習慣于體育活動，而且當地的環境也免遭污染。2010年，斯德哥爾摩獲得了歐盟委員會頒發的“歐洲綠色之都獎”。

Copenhagen， Denmark

Just like the residents of Stockholm， Copenhageners love to walk. Foot traffic accounts for 80% of all traffic in the Copenhagen city center. Those who prefer can also bike. It is estimated more than a third of all work trips in Copenhagen are carried out on a bike. The biking is not just for the locals， tourists are encouraged to join with \"free token9） bikes\" and there are more than 300 km of designated bike lanes all over the city. The city does not have the blessing of temperate weather all year round. As soon as everything starts to freeze it turns several city squares into huge skating fields. The frozen parts of the city also make it easier for residents to skate around. The city also has museums and art galleries for the kids and grown-ups. It has the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Art and the Royal Library housed in a rather imposing10） building called the Black Diamond.

丹麥的哥本哈根

一如斯德哥爾摩的居民一樣，哥本哈根人也喜歡走路。在哥本哈根的市中心區域，步行在所有出行方式中所占的比例達80%。喜歡騎車的人也可以騎車出行。據估計，哥本哈根的上班族中有超過三分之一的人騎車上下班。不僅當地人可以騎車出行，政府還提供免代用幣即可使用的自行車，鼓勵游客也加入到自行車大軍當中。全市劃定的自行車專用道總長超過300公里。哥本哈根并未得到老天眷顧，能一年四季如春。一旦萬物開始上凍，嚴寒就會將幾座城市廣場變為大型滑冰場。城里那些結冰的地區也使居民們在附近滑冰變得容易很多。哥本哈根也擁有眾多向兒童和成人都開放的博物館和美術館。這里還有丹麥皇家藝術學院和位于一座被稱為“黑鉆石”的宏偉建筑中的皇家圖書館。