白蛾黑基嚙小蜂寄生對楊小舟蛾蛹血細胞包囊反應的影響及其毒液對蛹的毒性研究

于艷華，郭加忠，郭同斌*，宋明輝，顏學武(.徐州市森林病蟲防治檢疫站，江蘇　徐州　009;.高郵市京杭運河管理處，江蘇　高郵　5600;.湖南省林業科學研究院，湖南　長沙　40004)

白蛾黑基嚙小蜂寄生對楊小舟蛾蛹血細胞包囊反應的影響及其毒液對蛹的毒性研究

于艷華1，郭加忠2，郭同斌1*，宋明輝1，顏學武3
(1.徐州市森林病蟲防治檢疫站，江蘇徐州221009;2.高郵市京杭運河管理處，
江蘇高郵225600;3.湖南省林業科學研究院，湖南長沙410004)

摘要:測定了白蛾黑基嚙小蜂(Tetrastichus nigricoxae)的寄生對寄主楊小舟蛾(Micromelalopha troglodyta)蛹血細胞包囊反應的影響及其毒液對蛹的毒性。結果表明，楊小舟蛾蛹血細胞具有很強的包囊異物能力，而在白蛾黑基嚙小蜂毒液的作用下這種能力會喪失，因而白蛾黑基嚙小蜂的卵能在寄主蛹中順利完成世代發育，而不被包囊。Sephadex A-25珠被注入蛹內24 h后的被包囊率高達94.00%。白蛾黑基嚙小蜂寄生早期(寄生0～2 h后)不影響寄主蛹的血細胞免疫反應，寄生后期(寄生24，48 h后)楊小舟蛾蛹的血細胞免疫反應受到較大影響。γ射線輻射處理的白蛾黑基嚙小蜂寄生蛹包囊能力的變化與正常白蛾黑基嚙小蜂寄生蛹相似，隨著寄生后時間延長而下降。白蛾黑基嚙小蜂毒液對楊小舟蛾蛹的血細胞免疫反應有抑制作用，且具有一定的毒性。

關鍵詞:白蛾黑基嚙小蜂;楊小舟蛾;包囊反應;毒液

Effect of parasitism of Tetrastichus nigricoxae Yang on the encapsulation response of its host，Micromelalopha troglodyta Graeser pupae and toxicity of its venom to pupal host

YU Yan-hua1，GUO Jia-zhong2，GUO Tong-bin1*，SONG Ming-hui1，YAN Xue-wu3

(1.Forest Pest Management and Quarantine Station of Xuzhou，Xuzhou 221009，China; 2.Gaoyou Administration Office of Grand Canal，Gaoyou 225600，China;3.Hunan Academy of Forestry，Changsha 410004，China)

Abstract:Experiments were made to determine the effect of parasitism of Tetrastichus nigricoxae Yang on the encapsulation response of its host，Micromelalopha troglodyta Graeser pupae and toxicity of its venom to pupal host.We found out that the hemocyte-mediated encapsulation towards the injected Sephadex A-25 beads in the pupae of M.troglodyta was as high as 94.00%.This ability would lose after being parasitised by T.nigricoxae Yang.Parasitism did not affect in vivo encapsulation response of pupae to injected Sephadex A-25 beads in early stage (0～2 h after parasitism)，but did affect the response in later stage (24 and 48 h after parasitism).Pseudoparasitism trigged by C60-γ ray irradiation influenced host’s encapsulation in a similar way as normal parasitism，and the parsitized and pseudoparasitized pupae both died about 48 h after parasitism.The injection of venom could lead the recipient pupae to death，confirming a toxic action of venom.

Key words:Tetrastichus nigricoxae Yang;Micromelalopha troglodyta Graeser;Encapsulation response;Venom

寄生蜂與寄主在長期協同進化過程中形成一系列復雜的相互作用，其中以寄主和寄生蜂之間的防御與反防御作用尤為重要，寄主昆蟲清除體內一些較大入侵物(如寄生蜂卵)時，主要采取包囊反應形式［1］。……