王德震 左薇 張軍 吳曉燕 孔曉偉



摘 要:為探究以不同濃度生物氣為燃料的固體氧化物燃料電池(SOFC)發(fā)電性能及該類電池尾氣的再發(fā)電價(jià)值,通過模擬含不同比例甲烷和二氧化碳的生物氣,在750 ℃下對(duì)氣路串聯(lián)Ni/YSZ陽極支撐SOFC進(jìn)行放電性能測試和氣體特性分析。放電結(jié)果顯示燃料氣經(jīng)第一級(jí)SOFC利用后通入第二級(jí)SOFC,同氫氣經(jīng)過兩級(jí)SOFC相比,不同濃度下生物氣均獲得了較高的功率密度,且短時(shí)間恒流時(shí),兩級(jí)電池均能穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行;兩級(jí)電池均以566 mA?cm-2電流密度恒流放電時(shí)的氣體分析表明,當(dāng)CO2/CH4為2時(shí),電池內(nèi)甲烷的干重整率最高。研究結(jié)果表明兩級(jí)SOFC使用生物氣及其電池尾氣發(fā)電是可行的,可為以生物氣為燃料SOFC電堆氣路設(shè)計(jì)提供依據(jù)。
關(guān) 鍵 詞:固體氧化物燃料電池;生物氣;兩級(jí)串聯(lián)SOFC;尾氣
中圖分類號(hào):TM 911 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A 文章編號(hào): 1671-0460(2015)09-2070-05
Abstract: To investigate the discharge performance of Ni-YSZ anode solid oxide fuel cell using various biogas and evaluate the valve of reusing its off-gas, electrochemical performance and gas properties were studied when two SOFC operated in tandem using diverse ratio of CH4/CO2 at 750 ℃. Compared with the cell performance using H2, two SOFC both operated at high power density with the first stage SOFC using various CH4/CO2 biogas and the second stage using the off-gas of the first stage. Both of two SOFC worked mostly steadily at constant current density for short time with little carbon deposition. The analysis of the gas properties at 566 mA·cm-2 indicated that the dry reforming rate was the highest when the ratio of CH4/CO2 was 2. The research results show that power generation of SOFC using biogas and its off-gas is feasible. This research can be useful for designing gas circuit of SOFC piles using biogas.
Key words: SOFC; biogas; SOFC in tandem; off-gas
能源是人類社會(huì)賴以生存和發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ),安全高效、廉價(jià)易得的新型能源開發(fā)利用已成為環(huán)境能源領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn),廢物能源化利用備受關(guān)注。目前,厭氧發(fā)酵工藝廣泛應(yīng)用于城市污水、有機(jī)廢棄物、剩余污泥等的處理處置,這些市政廢物中均含有可利用的有機(jī)質(zhì),有機(jī)質(zhì)在厭氧發(fā)酵過程中產(chǎn)生生物氣,其是一種產(chǎn)量巨大的燃料氣體[1,2]。受地域、季節(jié)、生物基質(zhì)種類和發(fā)酵過程等因素影響,厭氧發(fā)酵生物氣中各組分濃度為50%~70% CH4、 25%~
50% CO2、1%~5% H2、0.3%~3% H2S和少量雜質(zhì)等[1-3]。國內(nèi)生物氣產(chǎn)生后多數(shù)被簡易焚燒或隨意排放,這樣不僅造成資源的浪費(fèi),而且加劇了全球的溫室效應(yīng)。……