李佳 郎春燕 謝遷


摘 要:采用四酸消解法及改進的Tessier連續提取法,以ICP-AES技術對南海樂東海域10個淺表沉積物樣品中Ba、Sr、Cr、Ni的總量及賦存形態進行了測定和分析。形態分析表明,Ba、Cr以殘渣態為主,潛在生物有效性較低;Sr主要以離子交換態和碳酸鹽結合態存在,兩者含量之和在61.21%~90.11%之間,生物可利用性較高;Ni主要以有機結合態與殘渣態存在。Ni的含量受沉積物中Fe和總有機碳(TOC)的影響,Cr和Ni鐵錳氧化態濃度與沉積物中Fe的含量有明顯的相關性。
關 鍵 字:南海;沉積物;形態分析;連續提取;ICP-AES;TOC
中圖分類號:TQ 028 文獻標識碼: A 文章編號: 1671-0460(2015)09-2100-03
Abstract:With four acid digestion method and modified Tessier sequential extraction process, surface sediment samples were investigated from ten sites in the south china sea near Ledong county, and total concentrations and different phases of Ba, Sr, Cr and Ni were analyzed by using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry in order to assess the distribution of metals in this area. The speciation analysis showed that Ba and Cr were mostly present in residual fraction and had lower potential biological effectiveness, whereas Sr was mainly associated with the exchangeable and carbonate phases, whose sum present ranged from 61.21%~90.11%, manifesting the high biological availability. Ni was mostly bound with the organic and residual phase. The concentration of Ni was markedly affected by Fe content and TOC. There was a significant relationship between Cr and Ni concentration in the Fe-Mn oxide phase and Fe content in sediment.
Key words:South China Sea; marine sediments; speciation analysis; sequential extraction; ICP-OES; TOC
在沉積物中,金屬結合不同的組分以不同的形式存在。不同環境中金屬特定的行為不僅與金屬的總量有關,而且與金屬的化學形態有關[1]。同時,同一金屬的物理化學性質和生物有效性因形態而異[2]。準確測定沉積物中某些特定元素的形態對于評價其元素毒性及水環境質量[3,4]、研究其遷移轉化規律[5]、促進相關礦產資源的開發和利用,均具有重要意義。
由于陸地多種礦產資源的逐漸枯竭,各國已開始把戰略眼光投向了更為遼闊的海洋。南海是我國面積最大、資源最豐富的海域,近年來,一些中外學者對該海域沉積物中重金屬的總量及分布進行了不同層面的研究[1,6-8],但對其賦存形態的分析還鮮見報道,僅有Gao等[1]分析了中國南海北部4個沉積物中Ba、Cd、Co、Cu、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、 Sc、Sr、U和Zn的總量及化學形態,但對其在不同海水深度下的分布、總量與各形態之間的相關性等并未進行對比分析,也未對Cr的總量及形態進行分析。……