寬窄巷子歷史文化保護(hù)區(qū)保護(hù)性改造工程，成都，中國

2015-12-19 02:19:45項目設(shè)計劉伯英黃靖古紅櫻弓箭北京華清安地建筑設(shè)計事務(wù)所有限公司

世界建筑 2015年3期

關(guān)鍵詞：建筑設(shè)計歷史文化

項目設(shè)計：劉伯英，黃靖，古紅櫻，弓箭/北京華清安地建筑設(shè)計事務(wù)所有限公司

Project Design: LIU Boying, HUANG Jing, GU Hongying, GONG Jian/Beijing AN-DESIGN Architects

寬窄巷子歷史文化保護(hù)區(qū)保護(hù)性改造工程，成都，中國

Historical and Cultural Conservation Area of Kuan-Zhai-Xiang-Zi Alleys, Chengdu, China, 2008

項目設(shè)計：劉伯英，黃靖，古紅櫻，弓箭/北京華清安地建筑設(shè)計事務(wù)所有限公司

Project Design: LIU Boying, HUANG Jing, GU Hongying, GONG Jian/Beijing AN-DESIGN Architects

1 鳥瞰/Aerial view

寬窄巷子是成都市最重要的歷史文化保護(hù)區(qū)，歷史文化內(nèi)涵豐厚，自2003年保護(hù)工程啟動伊始就備受世人矚目。核心保護(hù)區(qū)位于成都市中心，占地約6.6hm2，原有民居建筑面積約61,300m2，共計944戶居民。其中傳統(tǒng)建筑院落45處，占總用地的70%。2008年建成后總面積約61,785m2，容積率保持不變。

研究寬窄巷子的歷史文化就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，它代表了成都市“兩江環(huán)抱，三城相重”的城市格局，代表了2000年少城文化和300年滿城文化的傳承，代表了北方胡同與川西民居的結(jié)合，代表了成都平原的市井生活特征。

在5年的實踐過程中，設(shè)計重點研究了歷史街區(qū)的保護(hù)方法與策略，規(guī)劃與建筑設(shè)計中的消防問題，木結(jié)構(gòu)和磚木結(jié)構(gòu)保護(hù)加固的技術(shù)措施，傳統(tǒng)木構(gòu)的承重與抗震設(shè)計，傳統(tǒng)民居建筑的保溫節(jié)能設(shè)計等等。特別是在現(xiàn)行規(guī)范無法完全指導(dǎo)的情況下，既要保證傳統(tǒng)建筑形式與風(fēng)貌，還要保證現(xiàn)代使用功能與安全舒適。經(jīng)過不懈的努力與堅持，我們完成了從研究、規(guī)劃、測繪、方案、建筑施工圖、景觀、商業(yè)規(guī)劃、室內(nèi)設(shè)計指導(dǎo)全過程的設(shè)計。

2.3 外景/Exterior view

Kuan-Zhai-Xiang-Zi alleys are the most important historical and cultural conservation area in Chengdu. The project has attracted much attention since its launch in 2003. Located in downtown Chengdu, the core protected site covers an area of about 6.6 hectares, with an original residential area of about 61,300 square meters for a total of 944 households. Among the residential buildings, there are 45 traditional houses, taking up 70% of the total residential area. After the completion of the project in 2008, the area is about 61,785 square meters, with the floor area ratio remaining unchanged.

Research on the history of Kuan-Zhai-Xiang-Zi shows that it represents the city layout of Chengdu: Surrounded by two rivers, with three overlapping cities (including the Small City/the Manchu City, the Imperial City and the Big City). It is also a symbol of the continuity between the 2000 years culture of the Small City and the 300 years of culture of the Manchu City, of the combination of Hutong in North China and the residential buildings in West Sichuan, and of the feature of life in Chengdu Plain.

During the five years in practice, the design focused on: methods and strategies to protect historic neighborhoods, fire protection problems in architectural design and planning, technical measures of protection and reinforcement of wood structure and brick structure, load-bearing traditional wood structure and its seismic resistance, and thermal insulation and energy conservation in traditional residential buildings, etc. When the existing norms could not serve as the complete guidance, it was a bit challenging to obtain both traditional architectural image and modern functions and convenience. Through unremitting efforts and persistence, we completed the whole design, which included research, planning, surveying and mapping, construction plans, landscape, business planning and interior design.

評委評語

成都市寬窄巷子歷史文化保護(hù)區(qū)保護(hù)性改造項目以尊重傳統(tǒng)、關(guān)懷城市的態(tài)度，基于更寬廣的時空視野，實現(xiàn)了對歷史街區(qū)的令人信服的增量式有機(jī)更新。項目建成后，形成了使用者與建成空間之間的良性互動。不僅延續(xù)了原有的街巷系統(tǒng)與院落肌理，更延續(xù)了原住民社區(qū)的生活傳統(tǒng)，名副其實地成為了近年來中國不多的歷史街區(qū)有機(jī)更新項目中最令人稱道的案例。該項目的建筑設(shè)計以更高的社會責(zé)任感和更強(qiáng)的歷史與人文意識解決了當(dāng)代中國建筑問題，將為其他類似項目提供長久的參考與靈感。

Jury Statement

The renovation project of Kuan-Zhai-Xiang-Zi Historical and Cultural Conservation Area, which was carried out on the premises of respecting traditions and serving with a broader vision, has realized an organic renewal of the historic site. It has generated a positive interaction between the residents and the built environment by maintaining the original street pattern, courtyard texture and the traditional lifestyle of communities. Therefore, it can be regarded as the most successful case of the several historic site renovation projects in China in recent years. The design for this project, which addresses contemporary Chinese architectural issues with a higher sense of social responsibility and a stronger consciousness of history and humanity, will provide reference and inspiration for other similar projects in the future.