北京動(dòng)物園水禽館，北京，中國

北京動(dòng)物園水禽館，北京，中國

Waterfowl Pavilion of Beijing Zoo, Beijing, China, 2013

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：宋曄皓，王麗娜，孫菁芬，解丹/北京清城華筑建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司

Architects: SONG Yehao, WANG Lina, SUN Jingfen, XIE Dan/Beijing THCA Architectural Design and Consulting Institute Co., Ltd.

1 水禽湖東北角景觀/Northeast view form the lake

北京動(dòng)物園水禽館不僅是供熱帶和亞熱帶水禽棲息和科普展陳的復(fù)合展館，還是一個(gè)公益建筑的設(shè)計(jì)建造范例，也是立足于中國北方寒冷地區(qū)、從建筑學(xué)出發(fā)的基于可持續(xù)設(shè)計(jì)策略研究的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)。在項(xiàng)目籌劃階段就明確可持續(xù)設(shè)計(jì)的目標(biāo)：即在有限的建造經(jīng)費(fèi)內(nèi)，借助建筑師的義務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)和贊助商捐助的部品，實(shí)現(xiàn)一座以“零能零碳”為目標(biāo)的微能耗示范建筑。

水禽館的設(shè)計(jì)過程遵循從規(guī)劃布局，到建筑設(shè)計(jì)，再到細(xì)部設(shè)計(jì)的逐層深化的順序，不斷強(qiáng)調(diào)建筑在環(huán)境中的“消隱”。

視覺形象消隱: 動(dòng)物園水禽島上植被豐饒，生物多樣性極高，在這樣的場(chǎng)地中所“植入”的建筑，必須與自然交融，形成視覺效果上的“消隱”。

環(huán)境影響消隱: 水禽島實(shí)際上是一個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立且完整的小生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，使建筑融入其中，并實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)環(huán)境的最小干擾，是“消隱”的深層含義。故建筑在選址上考慮最小侵?jǐn)_；在景觀上采用當(dāng)?shù)刂脖唬辉诮ㄖY(jié)構(gòu)、材料和建造方式的選擇上減少碳排放，以實(shí)現(xiàn)全生命周期的碳平衡。

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 北京市動(dòng)物園/Beijing Zoo

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Project Team: 宋曄皓，王麗娜，孫菁芬，解丹，陳曉娟，白一凡，林正豪，李珺杰；清華同衡（合作工程設(shè)計(jì)）/SONG Yehao, WANG Lina, SUN Jingfen, XIE Dan, CHEN Xiaojuan, BAI Yifan, LIN Zhenghao, LI Junjie; THUPDI (Collaborators)

建筑面積/Floor Area: 335m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period: 2011.05-2013.11

攝影/Photos: 宋曄皓，孫菁芬/SONG Yehao, SUN Jingfen

2 總平面/Site plan

3 東南角/Exterior view from southeast

4 場(chǎng)地剖面/Site section

The Waterfowl Pavilion of Beijing Zoo is not only a composite exhibition building of tropical and sub-tropical waterfowls but also an example of the architectures for public services. It is located in the cold area in Northern China and serves as an experimental platform for research on sustainable design strategies from architectural viewpoints. At the initial stage of project, sustainability was clearly defined as the target, i.e. to construct a net-zero building under limited budget with the voluntary design of the architects and the items donated by the sponsors.

The design followed the sequence from layout planning to architectural design, going deeper and deeper into details, with an emphasis on the disappearing of architecture into its environment.

Firstly, the invisibility of visual image: The waterfowl island has a rich variety in plants and living organisms. To "transplant" architecture into such a place means that it must blend perfectly with nature to achieve invisibility in visual effect.

Secondly, the invisibility of environmental impact: The waterfowl island is in fact a complete and relatively independent ecosystem. The deeper meaning of invisibility refers to the integration of architecture into the island with minimum interferences in its environment. Accordingly, minimum interference was considered in site selection; local plants were chosen for the landscape; efforts to reduce carbon emission were made in the selection of architectural structure, materials and way of construction. All was done to achieve a carbon balance of a complete life cycle.

5 南側(cè)生態(tài)景觀/Ecological view from the south

6 鳥舍室內(nèi)/Interior view

評(píng)委評(píng)語

本項(xiàng)目不僅運(yùn)用多種技術(shù)方式和材料建立起一個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立完整的小生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了微能耗建筑的目標(biāo)，同時(shí)精心選擇建造場(chǎng)地，采用得體的建筑形式，達(dá)到了建筑與環(huán)境的呼應(yīng)交融的狀態(tài)。

Jury Statement

By using various technical means and materials, this project creates a relatively independent and complete small ecosystem with low energy consumption. In addition, through careful site selection and proper architectural form, harmony between the Pavilion and its environment is also achieved.

7 橫剖透視/Perspective cross section

8 首層平面/Floor 0 plan

9 西南特寫/Exterior view from southwest

10 北側(cè)天際線/The skyline from the north