權(quán)力的游戲：seem半情態(tài)動詞的用法

文/阿 天 繪/也 圓

權(quán)力的游戲：seem半情態(tài)動詞的用法

How to Use Seem

文/阿 天 繪/也 圓

A shadow emerged from the dark of the wood. It stood in front of Royce. Tall,it was, and gaunt and hard as old bones, with flesh pale as milk. Its armor seemed to change color as it moved; here it was white as newfallen snow, there black as shadow, everywhere dappled with the deep grey-green of the trees. The patterns ran like moonlight on water with every step it took.

一道陰影突然自樹林暗處冒出，站到羅伊斯面前。它的體型十分高大，憔悴堅毅渾似枯骨，膚色蒼白如同乳汁。它的盔甲似乎會隨著移動而改變顏色，一會兒白如新雪，一會兒黑如暗影，處處點(diǎn)綴著森林的深奧灰綠。它每走一步，其上的圖案便似水面上的粼粼月光般不斷改變。

emerged,emerge浮現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn)，相當(dāng)于appear 和come out。

太陽從云層后顯露出來就可以說，The sun emerges from the clouds.

也可以說是真相大白于天下，Eventually the truth emerged.

it was，這里是插入語，對tall 的一種肯定，成了一種強(qiáng)調(diào)。

gaunt， 非常消瘦而且顯得蒼白，和drawn是同義詞。

seemed to change，seem又被稱為半情態(tài)動詞，它的用法比較靈活，其實(shí)只要?dú)w類一下就很好掌握了。

（1）seem作為實(shí)意動詞

①后邊跟動詞不定式， seem 和不定式一起作復(fù)合謂語，正如本句所使用的。

②seem 后跟that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，這里的it 是形式上的主語，它替代了后邊一整句話，這樣就不會頭重腳輕了。

It seems that no one knows what has happened.正常語序[That no one knows what has happened] seems.

（2）seem作為系動詞

①作用和be 一樣，也可以加上不定式to be。

Tom seems a clever boy. = Tom seems to be a clever boy.

②如同there be 的用法， seem的作用和be 一樣，同樣可以加上不定式to be。

T here seems no need to wait longer. = There seems to be no need to wait longer.

（3）要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是seem 的否定形式既可以使用助動詞，將not 提前也可以直接在seem 后邊加not。

The boss seems not to like the idea. = The boss doesn't seem to like the idea. 看來老板不喜歡這個主意啊。

here..., there...相當(dāng)于漢語里的這邊……， 那邊……。描寫手法一樣。句子原本可以說It was white here, and it was black there. 而把here，there 提前，則更加強(qiáng)調(diào)了地點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)換。英語一般是重要的詞句放在前邊。

dappled，斑駁，這詞有點(diǎn)文縐縐的，是指有顏色的點(diǎn)狀。這里是指光影的變化。

就如同這個小水塘所呈現(xiàn)出的樣子， a dappled pool需要注意的是dapple 這里是動詞，指使得某物斑駁（mark something with spots of color）。 在原文中是動詞的過去式表過去時。而a dappled pool 則是動詞的過去分詞作形容詞的用法。

patterns， 圖案，花樣。

with every step it took，這里雖然只有5個詞，但是卻有嵌套的語法現(xiàn)象。第一層是一個介賓短語with every step， with （介詞+）step （名詞）。第二層step 是我們要修飾的中心詞， 后邊的本身是一個從句，it took every step， 其中every step用that/which 來替代、提前就變成了every step (which /that) it took, 而由于替代部分在從句里作賓語所以還可以省略，就變成了with every step it took.