Damon自鎖托槽技術非拔牙矯治下頜牙列擁擠的臨床研究

摘要：目的 分析比較下頜牙列擁擠的自鎖托槽非拔牙矯治牙列排齊前后牙齒變化的情況。方法 選擇下頜牙列擁擠非拔牙矯治患者各15例，隨機分配至Damon自鎖托槽與3M MBT傳統結扎托槽組。對治療前、牙列排齊后的研究模型、頭顱定位側位片進行測量分析。結果 牙列排齊后，Damon自鎖托槽組與MBT組矯治后的下前牙唇傾度及雙尖牙寬度均較治療前增大，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）；兩組矯治前后各項測量指標差值比較，差異均無統計學意義（P>0.05）。結論 對于下牙列擁擠患者的非拔牙矯治，Damon自鎖托槽矯治發生類似MBT傳統結扎托槽相同的牙齒變化，主要為前牙的唇向傾斜移動以及雙尖牙段的寬度增加。

關鍵詞：牙列擁擠；自鎖托槽矯治器；非拔牙治療

Abstract：Objective To analyze the dental change of self-ligating appliance for non-extraction patients with crowding of mandibular arch.Methods 15 cases were treat with Damon3 self- ligating brackets and 15 cases were treat with conventional 3M MBT brackets. The cephalometric films and model were taken and measured before and after treatment.Results Compared with the incisor inclination and premolar width before treatment， there were statistically significant differences in those changes after alignment of dental arch （P<0.05）. The differences of all the measurements were not statistically significant between the two groups （P>0.05）.Conclusion In crowing cases treated with non-extraction treatment， the change of Damon self-ligating appliance was similar to that of MBT conventional brackets.

Key words：Dental crowding； Self-ligating appliance ； Non-extraction treatment

近年來，Damon自鎖托槽矯治技術以其摩擦力低，不用結扎、椅旁操作時間短及療程縮短等優點，逐漸受到越來越多正畸醫師的青睞[1]。該項技術可能通過擴弓而避免唇傾前牙解除牙列擁擠的觀點，為正畸臨床非拔牙矯治開辟了又一新的途徑。對此許多學者進行了臨床研究，所得結果尚存在許多爭議。本研究的目的是分析Damon自鎖托槽與MBT傳統直絲托槽在下牙列擁擠解除排齊后，下牙列寬度及前牙位置的改變。

1資料與方法

1.1一般資料 樣本為24例下牙列擁擠非拔牙矯治的患者（女17例，男7例），隨機分為2組，每組12例。納入標準：①無缺失牙（第三磨牙除外）；②恒牙列，下牙列輕中度擁擠（擁擠度3～8 mm），不需要拔牙矯治；③治療過程中未使用口外弓、種植體支抗、擴弓器、頜間等輔助裝置；……