摘要:高血壓疾病是目前臨床常見的疾病,隨著生活節(jié)奏的加快,生活方式及飲食結(jié)構發(fā)生了很大的變化,其患病人數(shù)越來越多,以老年患者居多,常嚴重影響患者的生活質(zhì)量。臨床對其進行藥物治療固然重要,但該疾病是一種慢性疾病,故老年高血壓院外延續(xù)護理就顯得非常重要,根據(jù)患者的具體病情,做好隨訪,加強健康指導,可使老年高血壓患者提高生活質(zhì)量,減輕社會負擔。
關鍵詞:老年高血壓;院外延續(xù);護理進展
Abstract:Hypertension is the clinical common disease, With the speeding up of the pace of life, Lifestyle and diet structure, great changes have taken place, More and more the number of cases, In the majority with elderly patients, Often seriously affect the patient's quality of life. Clinical on the drug treatment is important, But the disease is a chronic disease, So old age hypertension lobbyists continue nursing is very important. According to the patient's specific condition, make follow-up, strengthening health education, To improve the quality of life in elderly hypertensive patients, reduce the burden on society.
Key words:Old age hypertension ;Outside the court continues ;Nursing progress
高血壓是危害人類健康的重要危險因素,其發(fā)病率、致殘率高,并發(fā)癥多[1],特別是對于老年患者,易引起腦卒中,冠心病及心腎功能損害等,而控制血壓是提高患者生存質(zhì)量的關鍵措施[2]。然而2004年全國營養(yǎng)和健康綜合調(diào)查結(jié)果表明:高血壓控制率僅為6.1%[3]。可見血壓控制仍是一個棘手問題。隨著現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療水平的不斷提高及優(yōu)質(zhì)護理的深入開展,患者對臨床醫(yī)療服務的要求越來越高,傳統(tǒng)的醫(yī)療護理模式已經(jīng)無法滿足患者出院后的護理需求[4]。對高血壓患者,特別是老年人高血壓患者進行院外延續(xù)護理尤為重要,其可以提高老年高血壓患者的生存率,改善生活質(zhì)量,減輕社會負擔等[5-6]。故本文就目前針對老年高血壓患者院外延續(xù)護理進行如下綜述。
1 老年高血壓定義及發(fā)病機制
根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)高血壓的診斷,年齡在60歲以上,血壓值持續(xù)或非同日3次以上測量收縮壓≥140mmHg及(或)舒張壓≥90 mmHg者稱為老年人高血壓[7];其發(fā)病機制目前大多數(shù)認為與血管壁結(jié)構成分的改變,管壁平滑肌調(diào)節(jié)功能的變化有關,至于其具體的機制目前尚不清楚[8]。……