地下水硝酸鹽污染阻斷與修復技術及裝備研究年度進展報告

姜永海

摘 要：目前，各項任務研究進展順利，課題目標設定基本合理，課題組各項研究按照任務書計劃安排有序實施，部分研究工作已經提前開展。 在技術示范場地選擇方面，課題組確定了北京市順義區趙全營鎮白廟村南的一處垃圾填埋場和浙江省海鹽縣西塘橋鎮海塘村一處養殖基地作為該課題的2個技術示范場地。目前已經開展了基礎信息收集、場地水文地質狀況勘查、地下水監測井建設、地下水水質監測，完成了微水試驗和滲水試驗，獲得了水文地質參數。這些信息和數據為課題組開展實驗室研究和現場技術示范工程設計提供了基礎和支撐。在試驗研究方面，以示范場地為研究背景，課題組開展了大量的實驗室研究，為開展實際場地地下水硝酸鹽污染修復技術示范奠定理論基礎。主要包括地下水氮污染修復材料和地下水氮污染修復技術開發。在地下水氮污染修復材料方面，課題組研究開發了3種修復材料，包括一種硝化細菌碳源材料、一種氧化劑緩釋材料釋放材料和一種生物-化學聯合修復材料。在地下水修復技術方面，課題組創新性提出了兩種地下水修復技術工藝，一種是基于北方埋深較深的地下水污染修復的非連續滲透反應強地下水污染原位處理技術，該技術在傳統滲透反應墻基礎上，針對北方地下水埋深較深的實際情況，提出的以注射井陣形成的地下水修復系統，該技術具有施工難度小，建設成本低的優點，特別適用于處理較深層地下水污染問題；多級準原位地下水修復系統，是該課題研發的一種新型地下水技術，該技術集濕地處理技術、滲透反應墻技術和地下水井灌技術為一體的地下水修復系統，其具有建設與運行成本低、易施工、對地下水環境的擾動小、靈活性強、適應性強的優點。在成果產出方面，目前，課題組申請專利5項，獲得授權專利兩項，提出創新技術兩項，投稿學術論文6篇，其中SCI論文3篇。

關鍵詞：地下水 硝酸鹽 修復材料 修復技術及裝備

Abstract： Currently， the progress of study goes well，the target is basic reasonable， the job of research is carried out smoothly according to the plan， parts of study have already developed in advance. Two typical demonstrate place were chosen， one is MSW landfill which is located in Shunyi County in Beijing， the other one is breeding base in Haiyan County in Zhejiang province. At the two research bases， information collecting， hydrogeological investigation， monitoring wells building， water quality monitoring， slug and infiltration testing， all of these already have been finished， and hydrogeological parameter have been achieved. These results can be used in the design of engineering demonstration. On the basis of a great deal of laboratory data， theoretical basis are built about the remediation technology of the pollution of nitrate in groundwater， which was based of the research background of engineering demonstration field. Three kinds of remediation materials developed， including activated carbon material， slow-releasing material of oxidation and biochemical integrated material. Two innovative scientific remediation technology are studied. One is unfilled PRB in situ remediation technology of groundwater pollution， which is proposed basing deeper groundwater pollution in in the north. The remediation technology has advantages of low investment， simple process flow and low cost. The multi semi-in situ remediation of groundwater system is a new groundwater remediation technology which is researched and developed through our research. The system integrated the Wetland treatment technology， Permeable reactive barriers technology and groundwater well irrigation technology as a whole. The advantages of this system are lower cost of construction and operation， easy construction， small disturbance to the groundwater environment， strong flexibility and adaptability. In terms of achievements， there have been five applied patents， two received patents. six papers， which including three SCI， and two innovative technologies in the research group.

Key Words： Groundwater； Nitrate； Remediation meterial； Remediation technology and equipment

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