煤分級轉化殘焦制備電石的低能耗新技術原理研究報告

劉振宇 劉清雅

摘 要：煤分級轉化殘焦的高效利用是煤分級轉化的關鍵環節之一，針對中低階煤熱解后殘焦的結構和性質特點，提出殘焦經氧熱法制備電石、進而轉化為化學品的路線。針對氧熱法生產電石新工藝及煤分級轉化系統中的關鍵科學和技術問題，部署了三方面研究內容：殘焦與CaO的化學反應認識、固-固高效接觸氧熱法電石生產反應器的開發、新工藝和聯產系統的能效評價。2年來，在殘焦與CaO的反應網絡及反應動力學、反應過程中的相態變化和灰分影響、反應器的概念設計及模型化、傳遞參數測定、電/氧熱法工藝的全面對比和聯產系統的能效及碳平衡分析、煤熱天平熱解行為與煤鍵合結構關聯、煤熱解焦油自由基濃度與其反應性等方面開展了前沿性和創新性的研究，取得一定進展，實現了前兩年的預期目標。

關鍵詞：電石 殘焦 氧熱法 系統分析

Preparation of Calcium Carbide Using the Pyrolysis Derived Coke

Liu Zhenyu Liu Qingya

（Beijing University of Chemical Technology）

Abstract：The efficient use of the pyrolysis-derived coke for the production of value-added fuels and chemicals is a key issue for the processes involving pyrolysis of coals. This project proposed an auto-thermal process that produces calcium carbide （CaC2） from coal-pyrolysis derived coke. CaC2 is a platform chemical for the production of acetylene and consequently many commodity polymers and fine chemicals. The research in this sub-project includes three topics： understanding of the complex reactions between the coke and CaO for the production of CaC2 at high temperatures， the development of novel reactors and energy assessment of the CaC2 production and the whole coal conversion process. The studies carried out in the sub-project in past two years include： the reactions behaviors， mechanisms and kinetics， and the role of ash under a broad range of conditions； the reactor design and modeling as well as the determination of physical properties of the components involved in the reaction； energy assessment of the autothermal CaC2 production system and carbon footprint； and the behavior of pyrolysis of coals in the upper section of the CaC2 reactor and reactivity of the tars obtained. The work fulfilled the topics defined in the contract and the findings are important addition to the understanding of the field of coal conversion and clean coal technology. The above work resulted in publication of 13 articles in peer reviewed journals（5 were indexed by SCI）， 8 presentations in international conferences （4 by invitation）， filing of 3 PCT for the new reactor in three countries （USA， Japan and Canada） and 1 Chinese patent. Six PhD and 15 MS students participated in the research of the sub-project with 1 PhD and 2 MS students having been graduated. One researcher was awarded with the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University.

Key Words：Calcium carbide； Coke； Thermal heating； System analysis

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