可燃固體廢棄物熱化學轉化基元表征及機理研究

張衍國 蒙愛紅 祝捷 吳晉滬 武景麗

摘 要：可燃固體廢棄物種類繁多、成分復雜，在處理處置和利用過程中需要盡可能的降低污染。該研究旨在建立適合我國可燃固體廢棄物特性的組分熱化學表征模型，掌握組分在不同氧化劑調控氣氛下的熱化學反應模型和不同尺度下的傳熱、傳質機理，研究熱化學反應過程中的復雜組分的交互影響規律；探索熱化學反應氧化劑調控對二噁英及其前驅物的影響和耦合關聯特性，形成低二噁英排放的新一代熱化學反應機制。

關鍵詞：熱化學反應 “基元” 可燃固體廢棄物

The Mid-term Tech-report of Investigation on the Thermachemical Treatment Principles and Pseudo-compositions Reaction Model of Combustible Solid Waste

Zhang Yanguo1 Meng Aihong1 Zhu Jie1 Wu Jinhu2 Wu Jingli2

（1.Tsinghua University；2.Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology，Chinese Academy of Sciences）

Abstract：The combustible solid waste is characterized with various kinds and complex composition， which needs to reduce its pollution in the treatment and utility processes. The aim of this project is to propose the pseudo-compositions reaction model for the thermochemical reaction of the combustible solid waste， to clarify their heat and mass transfer principles and reaction models at different oxidant-concentration atmosphere， to elucidate the inter-impact of complex components， and to study impact of the oxidant on dioxins-related compound to find out a new kind reaction type to lower dioxins emission. The research results in the first two years， the year of 2011 to 2012， are reviewed in this mid-term report. A database of different waste pyrolysis/combustion was established， in which the proximate and ultimate analysis and kinetics parameters were included. The pseudo- compositions system was suggested. Cellulose， hemicellulose， lignin， pectin and starch are selected as pseudo-compositions for food residue and wood-like biomass waste； PE， PS and PVC are picked as those for plastic waste； terylene and cellulose are as those for textile waste. The characteristics and kinetics of pyrolysis/combustion of the typical solid waste were investigated at different atmosphere. Based on these， the kinetic models were proposed. In the investigation on chemical looping combustion， different iron-based oxygen- carriers with good reactivity and cycle reaction performance were picked out and studied using thermogravimetric analyzer （TGA） and temperature programmed reduction （TPR）. The lab-scale and mid-scale oxygen-carriers test system for chemical looping reaction were designed.

Key Words：Thermochemical reaction characteristics； Pseudo-component； Chemical looping combustion

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