遠距離大規模高集中度風電并網的儲能需求評估及協調控制

江全元 何湘寧 文勁宇 李欣然 龔裕仲

摘 要：隨著我國風電并網規模的持續快速擴大，更加復雜和深層次的問題預期將不斷出現。我國由于風資源分布的原因，風電開發采用了大規模高集中和遠距離的戰略。在我國大規模高集中開發的模式下，區域風電場分布集中度高，來風情況相近，風電場間出力相關性強。因此，區域風電出力呈現出更大的波動性和不確定性，對維持電力系統的供電充裕性有重大影響。同時，目前風機并網控制以強電網為假設條件，風機出力的動態特性與常規同步發電機有很大差別，傳統的電力系統穩定控制和故障保護策略難以應對。在遠距離大規模輸送的情況下，電網相對變弱，風機及同步發電機的端電壓易受同一擾動的影響，風機之間以及風機與同步發電機之間的動態耦合增強，使得電力系統穩定控制和故障保護問題變得更加嚴重和復雜，影響電力系統運行的安全穩定性。儲能技術的快速發展為解決風電并網問題提供了新的機遇。儲能技術具有控制靈活、響應快速的優點，但也具有容量有限、造價較高的缺點。通過對多類型儲能技術工作機理與經濟特性的研究，分析儲能在改善含打過風電的電力系統供電充裕性和運行穩定性的需求評估以及協調控制技術，有利于實現我國風電發展預期目標，促進我國大規模風電并網工作的進一步發展。

關鍵詞：遠距離 大規模 高集中度 風電并網 儲能 需求評估 協調控制

Project Establishment Report of Energy Storage Demand assessment and Coordinated Control in Long-distance Large-scale High-concentration wind Power Integration

Jiang Quanyuan1 He Xiangning1 Wen Jinyu2 Li Xinran3 Gong Yuzhong1

（1.College of Electrical Engineering，Zhejiang University；2.School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering， HUST；3.College of Electrical and Information Engineering， Hunan University）

Abstract：With the sustained and rapid expansion of wind power integration scale in China， more complex and deep-seated problems are expected to continue. Because of the distribution of the wind resource， wind power development with a focus on the strategic of large-scale， high centralize and long-range. In the high concentration of large-scale development mode， the regional wind farms are highly centralized， the wind conditions are similar， and the correlations between wind farms output power are strong. Therefore， the regional wind power output showing greater volatility and uncertainty， which has a significant impact on the adequacy of the power system to maintain power adequacy. Meanwhile， the current grid-controlled of wind generator assumes that the power grid is strong enough. The dynamic characteristics of the wind generators differ greatly with conventional synchronous generators， and the traditional stability control system and power failure protection strategy is difficult to deal with them. In the case of long-distance and large-scale transportation， the power grid is relatively weak. The terminal voltages of wind generators and synchronous generators are susceptible with the same disturbance. Dynamic coupling between the wind generators and synchronous generators strengthen， making the power system stability control and fault protection problem becomes more serious and complex， affecting security and stability of power system operation. The rapid development of large-scale energy storage technology offers a new opportunity to solve the wind power integration issues. Energy storage technologies have the advantages of flexible control and fast response， but also have the disadvantage of limited capacity and higher cost. Modeling of many types of energy storage technology mechanism and economic characteristics， analysis of energy storage demand in improving wind power integration are conducive to China's wind power development targets and can promote large-scale wind power work to further develop.

Key Words：Long-distance； Large-scale； High-concentration； Wind power integration； Energy storage； Demand assessment； Coordinated control

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