駕駛艙人為差錯(cuò)誘因分析研究

汪磊 孫瑞山

摘要：本報(bào)告主要是對(duì)民機(jī)駕駛艙人為差錯(cuò)的誘因進(jìn)行了分類分析研究，從民機(jī)人為差錯(cuò)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中選取了271個(gè)有詳細(xì)描述的駕駛艙人為差錯(cuò)相關(guān)案例，其中事故征候55起，事故216起，應(yīng)用駕駛艙人為差錯(cuò)模型框架以及HFACS （Human Factor Analysis and Classification System）進(jìn)行差錯(cuò)分類和分析，，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)技能差錯(cuò)161個(gè)，占43.3%，注意力分配和駕駛技術(shù)不精最多決策差錯(cuò)119個(gè)，占32.0%，緊急情況處置不當(dāng)最多；感知差錯(cuò)38個(gè)，占10.2%；違規(guī)54個(gè)，占14.5%。

關(guān)鍵詞：人為差錯(cuò)；駕駛艙；誘因分析

Abstract：This paper mainly does the classification researches the reason which can result in the human error in cockpit. 271 cases on human error in cockpit have been selected from human error database of civil aircraft， including 55 accident symptoms and 216 accidents. Though analysis the framework of cockpit human error model and HFACS （Human Factor Analysis and Classification System）， it finds out 161 skill errors which is 43.3%， 119 errors which results from attention distribution and bad drive skill which is 32% especially for emergency， 38 errors which is from perceptual errors which is 10.2% and 54 violations which is 14.5%.

Keywords：human error； cockpit； reason analysis

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