as well as之后的動詞形式

閆躍

在表示“除了……之外，也/還；不但……，而且”的意義時，as well as后面可以接動詞的多種形式，包括謂語動詞形式和各種非謂語動詞形式，本文擬對此問題作一簡述。

1. as well as后面接doing，可以位于句末，也可置于句首，相當于介詞besides或in addition to。如：

She is a talented musician as well as being a photographer. 她不但是攝影師還是個天才的音樂家。

As well as visiting the old man， he helped to clean the room. 除看望老人外，他還幫忙打掃房間。

2. as well as連接兩個并列的謂語動詞，前后兩個動詞的時態和數具有一致性。如：

They play the piano as well as sing. 他們不但會唱歌，而且會彈琴。

He works， as well as sleeps， in the room. 他既在這房間里睡覺，又在這兒工作。

He advised me as well as answered my questions. 他除了回答了我的問題，還給我提了建議。

在語言的實際運用中，不乏as well as之后的謂語動詞被替換為doing的情形。例如：

He publishes the books， as well as printing them. 他的書是他自己印刷出版的。

3. as well as前面的謂語含有can，may，must，should，have to等情態動詞或助動詞時，as well as后面的動詞形式取決于該情態動詞或助動詞，通常接動詞原形。如：

You may ask the following questions as well as work out some more. 你可以問以下問題，也可以想出一些更多的問題。

4. as well as連接進行時態、完成時態或者被動語態時，后面要省去與前面謂語部分重復的助動詞，而僅需接一個分詞。如：

We are repairing the roof as well as painting the walls. 我們粉刷墻壁，同時也修理房頂。

They must be looking at the letter as well as talking about it. 他們肯定在閱讀信件，并談論其內容。

It was directed as well as written by Valdez. 它是由瓦爾迪茲創作并導演的。

5. as well as連接兩個并列的動詞不定式，位于as well as之后的不定式習慣上省略to。如：

He seemed to understand human nature as well as do science. 他看起來不但懂科學，而且通人情。

We cannot expect her to do the homework as well as look after the children. 我們不能指望她既做家庭作業同時又照看孩子。

但是也不乏as well as之后的不定式并未省略to的情形，此時前后兩個不定式在結構上的對稱性更加明顯。如：

Television has become a major instrument of communication， permitting us to see as well as to hear all kinds of programmes. 電視已成為一種重要的通信手段，使我們不僅能聽到而且能看到各種各樣的節目。

責任編輯 蔣小青