張艷賀 任偉超 閆嵩 劉振鵬 張開雪 馬偉
(黑龍江中醫藥大學,哈爾濱,150040)
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不同生長環境對黃芪葉綠體超微結構的影響1)
張艷賀任偉超閆嵩劉振鵬張開雪馬偉
(黑龍江中醫藥大學,哈爾濱,150040)
選用蒙古黃芪(Astragalusmembranaeus(Fisch) Bge. Var. Mongh-oicus (Bge) Hisao)和膜莢黃芪(Astragalusmembranaceus(Fisch) Bge.)種子在不同的環境中進行種植,觀察內生真菌、鹽堿脅迫以及遮光處理對黃芪葉綠體超微結構的影響。結果表明:內生真菌處理組葉綠體和類囊體形態結構完整;鹽堿脅迫處理組,蒙古黃芪葉綠體類囊體受損,基粒片層溶解,淀粉粒數量增多、直徑增大。遮光處理組膜莢黃芪類囊體、基粒片層溶解,淀粉粒大量出現。蒙古黃芪栽培在透光率較低處,膜莢黃芪生長于鹽堿處對其生長影響較小。黃芪栽培過程中,適當加以內生真菌菌液,有利于黃芪的生長。
黃芪;超微結構;遮光率;鹽堿脅迫;內生真菌
WithAstragalusmembranaeus(Fisch) Bge. Var.mongholicus(Bge)Hisao andAstragalusmembranaceus(Fisch) Bge. seeds in different planting, we studied the effects of endophytic fungi, salt stress and cover light treatment onAstragaluschloroplast ultrastructure. The results showed that endophytic fungi group, chloroplast and thylakoid morphology robust. In the salt stress treatment group,A.membranaeuschloroplast thylakoid was damaged, grana lamellae was dissolved, the number of starch grains was increased, and the diameter was increased. In the shading treatment group,A.membranaeusthylakoid grana lamellae was dissolved, and many starch grains appeared. WhenA.membranaeuscultivation was in the lower light transmittance,A.membranaeusgrowth in salt had little effect on the growth of the department. The proper cultivation of the endophytic fungus is beneficial to the growth of Astragalus.
黃芪是豆科植物膜莢黃芪(Astragalusmembranaceus(Fisch) Bge.)或蒙古黃芪(AstragalusmembranaceusBge. Var.mongholicus(Bge.) Hsiao)的干燥根。始載于神農本草經被列為補養藥物之上品,目前也是我國藥膳同食品種。市場應用量較大,以人工種植為主。現以山西、甘肅、內蒙古以及黑龍江等四省區為主產區。不同生長環境對植物葉綠體超微結構的影響已有較多的報道[1-5],但是不同環境對黃芪葉綠體超微結構的研究國內外尚無報道。本試驗通過在不同環境下觀察內生真菌、鹽堿濃度、遮光率對膜莢黃芪和蒙古黃芪葉綠體超微結構的影響,以期為黃芪的栽培提供依據。
儀器:包埋板;LEICA ULTRACUTUCT切片機;TECNAIG2型透射電子顯微鏡,CLASSⅡTYPE B2潔凈工作臺(北京東聯哈爾儀器制造有限公司);……