鋪層取向角度對黃麻纖維復合材料性能的影響1)

劉誠　范豪　花軍　吳昊

(東北林業大學，哈爾濱，150040)

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鋪層取向角度對黃麻纖維復合材料性能的影響1)

劉誠范豪花軍吳昊

(東北林業大學，哈爾濱，150040)

基于真空輔助樹脂傳遞模塑(VARTM)工藝，研究不同鋪層取向角度對黃麻纖維布增強環氧樹脂復合材料力學性能的影響。結果表明：單向鋪層取向時，隨著鋪層取向角度的增加，復合材料拉伸強度呈近凹拋物線形變化，并在取向角為90°時達到最大值；彎曲強度呈近凸拋物線形變化，并在取向角為60°時達到最大值。雙向鋪層取向時，復合材料拉伸強度和彎曲強度均呈波浪形變化，其最大值分別在取向角為±75°和±45°時獲得。綜合對比單、雙向鋪層，復合材料拉伸強度在單向取向角為90°鋪層取向時達到最大值，為78.26 MPa；而復合材料彎曲強度在雙向取向角為±45°時達到最大值，為89.82 MPa。

鋪層取向角度；黃麻纖維；VARTM工藝；復合材料；力學性能

During the VARTM process, we studied the effect of the different ply orientated angles on the mechanical properties of the jute-cloth-reinforced epoxy resin composites. When the unidirectional ply orientation was used, the tensile properties showed nearly a “concave parabolic” variation with the increase of angle and the best tensile property reached the maximum at the 90° ply orientation. The flexural properties showed nearly a “convex parabolic” variation, and the flexural property reached the maximum at the 60° ply orientation. When the bi-directional ply orientation was used, the tensile properties and flexural properties all presented nearly a “wave line” variation, meanwhile the maximum values of tensile properties and flexural properties were obtained at ±75° and ±45°, respectively. Compared the unidirectional with the bi-directional ply orientation, the tensile property reached the maximum value at 90° for the unidirectional ply orientation, with the value of 78.26 MPa. While the flexural property reached the maximum value at ±45° for the bio-directional ply orientation, with the value of 89.82 MPa.

麻纖維質輕價廉、可降解，且有較高比強度和比模量，力學性能與玻璃纖維相當[1],在某些工程領域可作為增強體制備樹脂基麻纖維復合材料[2]。真空輔助樹脂傳遞模塑(VARTM)工藝是一種新穎的復合材料成型工藝，它主要利用真空負壓排除模具內纖維中的氣體，并實現樹脂對纖維浸潤，使纖維與樹脂達到良好的結合[3]。利用VARTM工藝制備麻纖維復合材料時，纖維在模具內的鋪層取向角度會對樹脂流動的前沿路徑產生較大的影響，取向角度選取不當可能造成樹脂填充不均勻進而出現干斑或氣泡等缺陷，影響復合材料的質量和性能[4]。……