唐國華 董希斌 毛波 張甜 馬曉波 曲杭峰
(森林持續經營與環境微生物工程黑龍江省重點實驗室(東北林業大學),哈爾濱,150040)
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大興安嶺山楊低質林改造對枯落物持水性能的影響1)
唐國華 董希斌 毛波 張甜 馬曉波 曲杭峰
(森林持續經營與環境微生物工程黑龍江省重點實驗室(東北林業大學),哈爾濱,150040)
以大興安嶺山楊低質林帶狀改造后枯落物持水性能為研究對象,應用主成分分析法建立不同模式改造后山楊低質林枯落物持水性能的綜合評價指標體系,對各個樣地改造后的持水性能進行綜合分析。結果表明:不同樣地的枯落物持水量、吸水速率與浸泡時間之間分別滿足對數關系和乘冪關系。不同改造模式下,枯落物持水性能綜合得分從大到小依次為 S2、S5、S6、S7、對照樣地、S8、S3、S1、S9、S4,其中S2樣地的綜合得分最高,表明10 m改造帶中20 m保留帶的改造模式下枯落物持水性能最佳。
山楊低質林;低質林改造;帶狀改造;枯落物持水性;大興安嶺
We studied the water-holding performance changes of the litters in aPopulusdavidianalow-quality forest after 3S bandwidth alteration in Daxing’an Mountains, and analyzed all the indexes of litter water-holding performance and the water-holding process. The principal component analysis was applied to establish a comprehensive evaluation index system for litter water-holding performance in theP.davidianalow-quality forest after different alteration modes, and comprehensive evaluation of the alteration effects of the sample plots was conducted. The litter water-holding capacity and absorption rate in different sample plots showed logarithmic relationship and exponentiation relationship, respectively, with the soaking time of litters. The descending order of the comprehensive performance in different alteration modes was S2, S5, S6, S7, CK, S8, S3, S1, S9, and S4. The score of the sample plot S2was the highest, which indicated that the alteration mode of 10-m bandwidth with 20-m reserve belt had the best litter water-holding performance.
森林枯落物既能有效攔截林地降水,又能避免太陽直射土壤,并且改善土壤,使土壤溫度不至于過分降低或者升高,保護林分環境,在水源涵養、水土保持等方面發揮重要作用[1-8]。枯落物的組成成分和分解狀況,直接反映林地生存環境和森林微氣候的健康程度[9-10];蓄積量的多少,由林分組成、林分生長狀況、收集時間等多個因素決定[11]。枯落物通過對林地降水的截留作用,反映其水土保持性能的強弱[12-13]。不同模式改造后,枯落物的數量和形態發生變化,導致持水性能的改變?!?br>