代爾夫特市政辦公大樓和火車站

2016-11-29 06:31:02荷蘭代爾夫特

世界建筑導報 2016年3期

關鍵詞：建筑設計

代爾夫特市政辦公大樓和火車站

荷蘭代爾夫特

業主：Ontwikkelingsbedrijf Spoorzone Delft BV

設計：2006-2010年

實施：2012-2016年，

車站大廳和市政辦公樓一期于2015年竣工

結構工程：代爾夫特ABT公司

機械工程：Deerns Raadgevende Ingenieurs B.V.， Rijswijk

面積：28 320平方米

Client： Ontwikkelingsbedrijf Spoorzone Delft BV， Delft， the Netherlands

Design： 2006-2010

Realization： 2012-2016，

Station hall and first phase of the municipal offices to be completed in 2015

Structural Engineer： ABT bv， Delft， the Netherlands

Mechanical Engineer： Deerns Raadgevende Ingenieurs B.V.， Rijswijk， the Netherlands

Area： 28 320m2

代爾夫特之行會給人難忘的體驗。從一開始，梅卡諾的想法就是設計一座讓乘客一下車就發現他們已經到了代爾夫特的車站。這座車站與市政辦公大樓以及新建的市政廳都坐落新火車站隧道上方，這里原來是一座混凝土高架橋，建于1965年，把這座城市分成兩半。乘自動扶梯來到地面，展現在游客面前的是令人印象深刻的天花板，上面是具有歷史意義的代爾夫特地圖。向外，游客看到的這座城市和舊火車站簡直就是約翰內斯·維米爾的油畫“代爾夫特風景”的現代版。

過去與未來在這里交織

代爾夫特城反映的是它的過去：不勝枚舉的歷史性建筑和運河河道，與荷蘭王室密切相關的“Prinsenstad”城；當然還有全球聞名的代爾夫特藍陶陶瓷廠。而另一方面，代爾夫特理工大學又引領技術革新的潮流。代爾夫特承舊啟新的角色是我們設計的出發點。

代爾夫特藍瓦

繪有具有歷史意義的1877年代爾夫特及其周圍地區巨幅地圖的一個巨大的拱形天花板把火車站與目前正在建造的市政廳連為一體。車站大廳里的墻柱用藍色代爾夫特瓷磚裝飾，在現代化的氛圍中詮釋著代爾夫特藍色瓷磚的魅力。到2017年，人們就可以直接從火車站進入市政廳。整座建筑的玻璃幕墻映射著荷蘭碧藍的天空。帶有鏡頭球面體的熔凝玻璃面板采用這座年代久遠的城市到處可見的本土的窗式設計。高性能開放式玻璃幕墻板和封閉的熔凝玻璃板互相配合，保證了建筑的高能效。

內涵豐富的緊湊型設計

在整個設計過程中，為了保證緊湊高效的建筑風格，建筑規模經過了反復縮減和修改。這座建筑的屋脊線在四角降低了高度，以便逐步向代爾夫特現有的小型建筑和相鄰的Wester住宅小區的高度過渡。這座建筑連接了鐵路隧道東側歷史悠久的內城和西側的住宅區，調整了代爾夫特市中心的位置。市政辦公大樓的玻璃外圍上的切口形成的小巷和庭院的圖案，這也是受代爾夫特特有的建筑結構的啟示而設計的。

火車站是火車站和市政大樓開發項目的一期工程的一部分。市政大樓可靈活改造的第一部分在2015年底投入使用。到2017年，在原有的鐵路隧道拆除，市政大廳和市政辦公大樓完工以后，整個項目即可開放，投入使用。

Arriving in Delft is an unforgettable experience. From the outset， Mecanoo's idea was to design a station that makes it clear to visitors that they have arrived in Delft. The station， in combination with municipal offices and the new city hall， sits atop a new train tunnel built in place of the old concrete viaduct that divided the city in two since 1965. Coming up the escalators， the impressive ceiling with the historic map of Delft unfolds. When you look outside， you see the city and the old station as a contemporary version of Johannes Vermeer's painting 'View of Delft'.

lnterweaving past and future

The city of Delft reflects its past： the multitude of historic buildings and canals； the ‘Prinsenstad' city，closely connected to the Dutch Royal Family； and， of course， the world famous Delftware ceramic factories. On the other hand， the Delft University of Technology is at the forefront of technical innovation. The character of Delft， epitomised in this combination of past and future， was the starting point for the design.

Delft Blue

A vaulted ceiling features an enormous historic 1877 map of Delft and its surroundings， connecting the station with the city hall that is currently under construction. Within the station hall， walls and columns are adorned with a contemporary re-interpretation of Delft Blue tiles. In 2017， you will be able to walk directly from the station into the city hall. The glass skin of the building is designed to reflect the Dutch skies. The panels of fused glass with lens-like spheres reference a vernacular window design that can be seen throughout the historic city. The combination and rhythm of open panels of high performance glass and closed fused glass panels enable a high degree of energy efficiency.

Contextually compact

Throughout the design process the building volume has been shaved and reformed to create a compact， highly efficient building form. The lowered roof lines at the corners provide a gradual transition towards the existing small-scale development of the Delft city centre and the adjacent Wester Quarter. The building connects the historic inner city on the east side of the railway tunnel with the residential neighbourhoods located to the west， realigning the centre of Delft. Incisions in the glass volume of the municipal office building form a pattern of alleyways and courtyards， which are themselves inspired by the intricate structure of Delft.

The station hall is a part of the first phase of the development of the station and municipal office. The first part of the flexible layout municipal offices will be in use by the end of 2015. In 2017， when the former railway viaduct has been demolished and the city hall and municipal offices completed，the whole complex will open and be in use.

Municipal Offices and Train Station Delft， the Netherlands