徐超 溫國勝 王海湘 于曉鵬 白尚斌 張汝民
(浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué),臨安,311300)
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毛竹快速生長期的高生長與碳通量的變化規(guī)律1)
徐超 溫國勝 王海湘 于曉鵬 白尚斌 張汝民
(浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué),臨安,311300)
以浙江省安吉縣毛竹林為研究對象,測定毛竹快速生長時(shí)期的竹筍高生長及其地上生物量,并利用渦度相關(guān)技術(shù)測定毛竹林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的CO2通量。結(jié)果表明:竹筍高生長遵循“慢-快-慢”的生長規(guī)律,在出筍18 d左右達(dá)到最大值,約為0.78 m/d;區(qū)域平均立竹度為0.43株/m2,在毛竹地上構(gòu)件中,竹稈、竹枝、竹葉的平均生物量分別為1.89、0.16、0.06 kg/m2,地上部分平均生物量為2.11 kg/m2。3—6月份的CO2通量是負(fù)值,毛竹林為碳匯階段,其中4月份的CO2通量絕對值最大,絕對均值為0.073 mg·m-2·s-1,5月份CO2通量較3月份、4月低,日均CO2通量呈“U”形變化;竹筍日均高生長量與碳通量呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P<0.01),與空氣溫度、土壤溫度、土壤含水量呈極顯著正相關(guān)(P<0.01),與空氣相對濕度、凈輻射、風(fēng)速相關(guān)性不強(qiáng)。
毛竹;竹筍高生長;渦度相關(guān)技術(shù);二氧化碳通量;生物量
We measured moso bamboo (Phyllostachysedulis) shoots growth and biomass in its rapid growth stage (from March to June) and got the data of carbon flux in the above period from flux tower. Bamboo shoots high growth follows the “S” type, with its peak at around 18 d, at about 0.78 m/d. The average density of bamboo stand is 0.43 strain/m2. The monthly average biomass above ground and underground are 2.11 and 2.59 kg/m2, respectively. Among the constituents of moso bamboo above ground, the biomass in stem is the biggest, the next is branches and the least is in leaf. CO2flux data was negative from March to June, and the absolute mean in April was highest, the number is 0.072 72 mg·m-2·s-1. CO2flux data in May was the lowest in these four months, and the average daily CO2flux data forms a “U” shape. The daily high growth of bamboo shoots has significantly negative correlation with carbon flux, significant positive correlation with air temperature and soil temperature, soil moisture content. However, it has little correlation with air humidity, net radiation and wind speed.
毛竹(Phyllostachysedulis)是高生長速率最快的植物之一,從出筍到成竹一般只需2—3個(gè)月時(shí)間即可完成高生長[1]。在全球森林面積急劇下降的背景下,竹林作為一個(gè)不斷增加的碳匯,其面積以3%的速度在遞增[2-3],因此,研究快速生長期竹林的生物量的積累以及碳通量的變化具有重要意義。
生物量和碳通量是進(jìn)行生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳循環(huán)和碳動(dòng)態(tài)分析的基礎(chǔ)[4]。20世紀(jì)50年代初期世界各國學(xué)者開始有關(guān)森林生物量和碳通量的研究[5]。我國學(xué)者在20世紀(jì)末開始對竹林生物量進(jìn)行研究,對毛竹林碳通量的研究相對較晚,到21世紀(jì)初才相繼有部分學(xué)者對竹林碳通量進(jìn)行了研究[6]。……