趙晴晴 王傲楠 王壹 黃琛 楊俊明 張國君
(河北科技師范學院,昌黎,066600)
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油松26個種源苗期生長及光合特性比較1)
趙晴晴 王傲楠 王壹 黃琛 楊俊明 張國君
(河北科技師范學院,昌黎,066600)
為了篩選油松優良種源,調查了26個種源1年生和2年生苗的株高和地徑,1年生苗的根長、側根數、根莖鮮干質量,以及苗期的光合參數。分析了各性狀間的相關系數,將2年生苗高和地徑作為指標進行油松不同種源苗期生長的綜合評價。結果表明:1年生和2年生苗的株高和地徑在26個種源間均差異顯著,1年生苗的莖鮮質量和根干質量差異顯著;光合速率、蒸騰速率和葉片氣孔導度均存在顯著差異。株高和地徑的隸屬函數值高于當地種子園種源(平泉)的5個種源分別是內蒙古寧城、遼寧北票、山西隰縣、山西和順和河北圍場。
油松;種源;苗木;株高;地徑
We studied the seedling growth and photosynthetic traits of 26 provenances ofPinustabulaeformisto select superior provenances. We analyzed the variance and correlation on height, basal diameter, root length, root and stem fresh and dry weight of 1- and 2-year seedlings, photosynthetic parameters of those provenance, and measured the membership value of height and basal diameter of 26 provenances. The variance on growth and photosynthetic traits of 1- and 2-year seedlings among 26 provenances were both significant for height, basal diameter and photosynthetic parameters, but for root dry weight and stem fresh weight of 1-year seedlings. Based on correlation coefficients between growth traits and photosynthetic parameters, height and basal diameter were selected for comprehensive evaluation. The top five provenances ofP.tabulaeformiswere Neimeng Ningcheng, Liaoning Beipiao, Shanxi Xixian, Shanxi Heshun and Hebei Weichang according to average of membership value of height and basal diameter.
油松(PinustabulaeformisCarr.)為松科松屬的常綠針葉樹種,自然分布范圍位于北緯31°~44°和東經101°30′~124°25′的廣大區域內[1];其樹干挺拔蒼勁,姿態奇特,可用于園林綠化;其根系發達,具有良好的水土保持功效;其木材較堅硬,強度大,可作建筑、農具、造紙和人造纖維等;且其可采松脂提煉松節油和松香,是很好的經濟樹種;因此,油松是我國重要的用材、園林綠化和經濟樹種,尤其是北方荒山綠化不可取代的重要用材和防護鄉土樹種[2]。
種源選擇不僅是科學調撥種子的主要依據,也是最基礎、最速效的樹種改良措施,同時也是進行優良家系、優良單株、優良雜交和無性系繁殖等育種研究工作和加速良種化進程的基礎[3]。……