熊暉 楊文云 黎思國 高成杰 劉方炎 李昆
(中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院資源昆蟲研究所,昆明,650224) (云南省雙柏縣梅子箐林場) (中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院資源昆蟲研究所)
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云南松產(chǎn)脂量與土壤養(yǎng)分及酶活性的關(guān)系1)
熊暉 楊文云 黎思國 高成杰 劉方炎 李昆
(中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院資源昆蟲研究所,昆明,650224) (云南省雙柏縣梅子箐林場) (中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院資源昆蟲研究所)
為了選育和定向培育云南松高產(chǎn)脂優(yōu)樹,比較高產(chǎn)脂量和低產(chǎn)脂量云南松土壤養(yǎng)分及酶活性的差異,并且分析其產(chǎn)脂量與土壤養(yǎng)分及酶活性的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果表明:高產(chǎn)脂量云南松土壤養(yǎng)分中速效氮、速效磷、鐵、錳、鋅、銅的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)以及蛋白酶、過氧化氫酶、脲酶的活性顯著高于低產(chǎn)脂量云南松。隨著土壤養(yǎng)分中速效氮、速效磷、鐵、錳、鋅、銅的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)以及蛋白酶、過氧化氫酶、脲酶活性的增加,云南松的產(chǎn)脂量也不斷增加(P<0.01)。因此,土壤養(yǎng)分和酶活性可作為培育高產(chǎn)脂云南松的措施。
云南松;松脂;土壤養(yǎng)分;酶活性
For the chemical characteristics of the soil in high yielding oleoresinPinusyunnanensis, we studied the relationships between oleoresin yield ofP.yunnanensisand soil nutrient and enzyme activity to provide the basis for breeding and directional cultivation high yielding oleoresinP.yunnanensis, compared the differences in soil nutrient and enzyme activity in high and low oleoresin yield, and analyzed their relationships with oleoresin yield ofP.yunnanensis. The contents of soil available nutrient (N, P, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) and the activity of protease, catalase, and urease in the forest of high oleoresin yield were significantly higher than those with low yield. The oleoresin yield was increased with the content of available nutrients and soil activities of protease, catalase, and urease increasing (P<0.01). Therefore, the soil nutrient and enzymatic activity could be proposed as indicators for breeding high yielding oleoresinP.yunnanensis.
松脂是松屬(Pinus)樹種主要的次生代謝產(chǎn)物,在抵御外界各種病蟲害等危害時分泌的一種重要的化學(xué)防御物質(zhì)[1]。它主要由單萜、倍半萜、二萜組成的復(fù)雜的無色透明的油狀黏稠液體[2-4],在樹脂道中由分泌細(xì)胞分泌而成,儲藏在松樹針葉以及枝和莖的木質(zhì)部與韌皮部的樹脂道系統(tǒng)內(nèi)[5-6]。當(dāng)松樹受到機械損傷、昆蟲取食及其攜帶的伴生菌入侵后,存儲在樹脂道中的樹脂迅速流出,同時誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)傷性樹脂道分泌大量樹脂,用來殺死昆蟲或伴生菌、封閉傷口、防治害蟲聚集攻擊等防御目的[1,7-8]。……