紅刺玫揮發物成分及抑菌作用1)

郭阿君 李麗敏

(北華大學，吉林，132013)

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紅刺玫揮發物成分及抑菌作用1)

郭阿君 李麗敏

(北華大學，吉林，132013)

利用固相微萃取與GC-MS系統，分析了紅刺玫花、葉的自然揮發性物質組成。鑒定出葉片揮發物成分10種，主要成分乙酸順式-3-己烯酯(41.84%)、1R-α-蒎烯(27.11%)、羅勒烯(6.21%)，占揮發物總質量分數的75.16%；花瓣揮發物成分25種，主要成分D-香茅醇(41.9%)、苯乙醇(15.62%)、1R-α-蒎烯(13.4%)，占揮發物總質量分數的70.92%。利用β-蒎烯、羅勒烯、D-香茅醇、3-蒈烯4種揮發性物質進行了抑菌活性試驗，發現4種揮發物質對供試菌均表現出一定的抑制作用，其中羅勒烯與D-香茅醇對金黃色葡萄球菌抑制作用較強，最低抑菌質量濃度(MIC)均為12.5 mg·L-1；β-蒎烯與D-香茅醇對枯草芽孢桿菌、D-香茅醇對大腸桿菌抑制作用次之，MIC均為50 mg·L-1。β-蒎烯對大腸桿菌、金黃色葡萄球菌抑制作用較弱，MIC為800 mg·L-1。

固相微萃取；氣象色譜；質譜；紅刺玫；揮發物；抑菌

We studied the chemical composition of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) fromRosamultifloravar.Cathayensisby SPME-GC-MS. Ten compounds were identified in VOCs from leaves, mainly including 41.84% (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol acetate, 27.11% 1R-alpha-Pinene and 6.21% Ocimene, and the volatile of these major constituents were 75.16%. Twenty-five compounds were identified in VOCs from the flower, mainly including 41.9%D-Citronellol, 15.62% Phenylethyl Alcohol and 13.4% 1R-alpha-Pinene, accounting for more than 70%. Through antibacterial experiment, beta-Pinene, Ocimene,D-Citronellol and 3-Carene had antimicrobial activity on testing bacteria. The bacteriostasis of Ocimene andD-Citronellol onStaphylococcusaureuswere most powerful, the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were both of 12.5 mg·L-1. The antibacterial effect of beta-Pinene andD-Citronellol onBacillussubtilis,D-Citronellol onEscherichiacoliwere second. All of the MIC were 50 mg·L-1. The bacteria inhibiting effect onEscherichiacoli,Staphylococcusaureusof beta-Pinene was weak with the MIC of 800 mg·L-1.

生態園林的建設與發展對于改善城市環境意義重大，在園林建設過程中，僅能提供良好景觀效果的園林綠化設計已經不能滿足環境需求，因此，喬木、灌木、草本和藤本植物在造景過程中，更需考慮植物自身及種植單元的功能特性。植物在生長周期內會持續不斷地、主動地向外界釋放揮發性物質，對某些特定的植物病源菌、人類致病菌具有顯著抑制、殺滅作用，因此，分析植物釋放的揮發性物質成分及抑菌特性，有利于園林植物在綠地建設中的合理使用，可有效提高植物凈化空氣、改善身心健康的生態功能。

紅刺玫(Rosamultifloravar.cathayensis)，薔薇科薔薇屬灌木，北方城鎮廣為栽培，花大色艷，花期長，觀賞效果極佳，且花果可食用。……