竹材發泡板熱解和燃燒特性1)

張文福 方晶 劉樂群 翁甫金

(浙江省林業科學研究院，杭州，310023)

?

竹材發泡板熱解和燃燒特性1)

張文福 方晶 劉樂群 翁甫金

(浙江省林業科學研究院，杭州，310023)

采用氧彈熱值法、氧指數、熱重分析法(TG)、錐形量熱儀等方法分析了竹材發泡板與竹纖維板、擠塑板的熱解性能和燃燒特性的差異。結果表明，竹材發泡板引燃時間最短，著火溫度同竹纖維板相似，約為270 ℃，竹材發泡板和竹纖維板的熱重曲線和燃燒釋熱曲線均有2個釋熱峰，竹材發泡板的熱釋放速率峰值為134.5 kW·m-2，氧指數43.5%，達到GB 20286—2006阻燃1級的要求，屬于難燃材料范圍。竹材發泡板燃燒特性指數最低，熱解活化能最高，說明竹材發泡板阻燃性最好，與氧指數和錐形量熱儀測試結果一致。

竹材發泡板；氧指數；熱重分析法；錐形量熱儀；熱解動力學

Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(12)：47-50.

We studied thermal decomposition and combustion characteristic of bamboo foaming board with the differences of bamboo fiber board and extruded plate through oxygen bomb combustion heat, oxygen index, thermogravimetry (TG), and CONE. The ignition time of bamboo foaming board was the shortest while ignition temperature was about 270 ℃, similar to bamboo fiber board. The thermogravimetric curve and combustion heat release curve of bamboo foaming board and bamboo fiber board both had two heat release peak, while the peak heat release rate of bamboo foam board was 134.5 kW·m-2with oxygen index of 43.5%, reaching the requirements of GB 20286-2006 flame retardant grade 1. The bamboo foaming board had the lowest combustion characteristic index and the highest pyrolysis activation energy with better fire resistance performance, consistent with the results of oxygen index and CONE.

竹材發泡板是采用酚醇液化體系對竹材進行液化制備可發性樹脂，再添加表面活性劑、固化劑、發泡劑、異氰酸酯等制備而成的一種輕質高強、保溫性能優良的泡沫材料。它具有保溫、耐熱、在火中無穿透等優點，既能解決像聚氨酯泡沫等有機保溫材料的防火問題，又能解決巖棉等無機保溫材料的皮膚刺癢問題，具有廣泛的應用前景[1-4]。

目前，國內外對竹材及竹質復合材料的熱解[5-8]和燃燒性能[9-12]進行了較多的研究，但是對竹材發泡板的熱性能和燃燒特性研究較少，僅對竹材發泡板具有較高的氧指數進行了報道[4]。因此為了更好地了解竹材發泡板的熱解過程、熱值和……