深圳海綿城市建設生物滯留帶植物篩選

任建武+翟瑋+王媛媛+白偉嵐+任海

摘 要： 海綿城市作為新型城市發展方式，離不開生態綠地的科學規劃和建設。基于深圳所處自然植物帶的優勢，造就了該城市綠地建設可選的園林植物資源多樣性極為豐富。本研究以既耐干旱又耐水澇為選擇標準，利用植物快速葉綠素熒光分析技術，對深圳光明新區試驗點植物材料做出系統測定。根據所得到的葉綠素熒光動力學參數，對植物材料做出分析評價。然后從中挑選最具生理意義的參數進行換算，并依據換算得分對植物排序。旨在對眾多園林植物在海綿城市建設中的應用做出有益探索，以更好地發揮生態系統對雨水的吸納、蓄滲和緩釋作用，有效控制雨水徑流，實現“自然積存、自然滲透、自然凈化”的城市發展方式。

關鍵詞：海綿城市；低影響開發；生物滯留帶；葉綠素熒光

中圖分類號：X522 文獻標識碼：A DOI 編碼：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2017.03.023

Screening of Plants for Bioretention Areas in Shenzhen During the Construction of Sponge City

REN Jianwu1， ZHAI Wei2， WANG Yuanyuan2， BAI Weilan2， REN Hai3

（1.College of Biological Science and Technology， Beijing Forestry University， Beijing 100083，China； 2.Landscape Development Research Center， Chinese Urban Construction Institute， Beijing 100120，China； 3.Southern China Botanical Garden， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Guangzhou，Guangdong 510650，China）

Abstract： As a new mode of city development， sponge city cannot be built without scientific planning and construction of ecological green space. Shenzhen boasts an amazing rich of plant diversity based on the advantages that it is locating on south sub-tropical zone. In this study， both resistance to drought and water logging being as selection criteria， the analysis technology of chlorophyll fluorescence was used. According to the kinetic parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence obtained， the plant materials in the trial were analyzed and evaluated. After choosing the parameters of the most physiological significance， and conducting the conversion， and on the basis of conversion， a final plant material ordering had been got. In this way， a meaningful exploration on the plant application of many garden plants in the sponge city in the construction were carried out， and it can promote ecological system effectively absorb and infiltrate rainwater， and keep sustained release the trapped water， meanwhile， effectively control the runoff. Furthermore， the study may give a helpful hand to reach the goal that realization of ecological and sustainable city development mode with character of naturally accumulation， naturally infiltration， naturally purification.

Key words： sponge city； low impact development； bioretention areas； chlorophyll fluorescence

海綿城市（Sponge city）是新一代城市雨洪管理概念，它是指城市在適應環境變化和應對雨水帶來的自然災害等方面具有良好的“彈性”，也可稱之為“水彈性城市”。國際通用術語為“低影響開發雨水系統構建”。從更廣闊的視角來看，“海綿城市”是從不同尺度上綜合解決中國城市突出的水問題及相關生態和環境問題的一套完整理論體系，包括雨洪管理、生態防洪、水質凈化、地下水補充、棕地修復、生物棲息地的營造、公園綠地營造，以及城市微氣候調節等[1]。其中以雨洪管理為特征的低影響開發是該理論的核心內容[2]。……