邵一凡 賴正聰 潘文 吳克川 蘭香 于詩歌 馬健
摘要:
基于等效原則、相似理論,考慮三維地震動作用下振動臺試驗中原型結構隔震層的簡化,并對模型結構隔震層進行系統研究。針對不同高寬比隔震結構,提出完全等效簡化方法和部分等效簡化方法,包括隔震墊等效、模型支座參數及坐標確定、相似關系確定等。利用不同高寬比隔震結構振動臺試驗,結合有限元數值模擬,進行方法驗證。理論推導與數值模擬證明簡化方法具有良好的準確性,且在誤差允許范圍內,簡化后的隔震層所獲得的加速度、速度、位移等動力特性與簡化前相同,可以用于振動臺試驗模型設計。
關鍵詞:
等效原則;隔震層;簡化;相似理論;振動臺
中圖分類號:TU352.1
文獻標志碼:A文章編號:16744764(2017)02006510
Abstract:
The method of that isolation layer of prototype structure simplified to model structure in shaking table test was systematically researched based on equivalent principle, similarity theory, and considered threedimensional seismic effect. Aimed at isolated structure in different aspect ratio, complete equivalent and part of equivalent simplified method were proposed. Equivalent of isolation layer, models parameters of isolation bearings, coordinate certainty, similarity theory and so on were included in the method. the method was verified with shaking table tests of isolated structure with different aspect ratio, and combined with finite element numerical simulation, Theoretical derivation and numerical simulation were certified that the simplified method possessed well accuracy. And within the error allowed, the same dynamic characteristics of acceleration, velocity, displacement of isolation layer before simplification could be obtained. Therefore, the method could be used in shaking table test of model design.
Keywords:
equivalent principle; isolation layer; simplification; similarity theory; shaking table test
振動臺試驗是分析建構筑物抗震性能的重要手段,其步驟是通過向振動臺輸入地震波,激勵臺面上部結構的反應,再現地震過程。由于臺面尺寸和設備能力所限,現階段中國大部分振動臺僅能進行縮尺模型的模擬地震振動臺試驗[1]。縮尺模型振動臺試驗核心是按照等效原則、相似理論設計出與原型結構具有相似工作狀態的模型結構[24]。
隔震結構是通過在基礎結構和上部結構之間設置隔震層,使上部結構與地震動的水平成分絕緣。目前中國隔震建筑數量日益增多,其中90%以上采用疊層橡膠支座的隔震技術[5]。為了判明采用疊層橡膠支座的隔震結構在地震作用下的動力特性、損傷機理及破壞模式,對其進行振動臺試驗研究是最為直接的辦法。……