羅莉+黃大永+陳亞龍+王克菲+李杰



摘要: 為降低航空發動機輪盤的質量,提高發動機推質比,對發動機轉子輪盤進行參數化結構優化設計.研究輻板不同高度處厚度與輪盤徑向破裂裕度的關系,以簡化輪盤輻板優化方法.以周向破裂轉速裕度為約束條件,體積最小為優化目標函數,利用Isight軟件和有限元數值模擬方法研究輪盤盤心優化方法,并通過算例計算驗證其正確性.結果表明:在滿足約束條件的基礎上,輪盤體積減小8.66%,最大等效應力減少10.4%.該方法可為航空發動機輪盤輕量化開發提供參考.
關鍵詞: 航空發動機; 輪盤; 輻板厚度; 破裂裕度; 破裂轉速; 等效應力; 約束; 體積
中圖分類號: V232.4文獻標志碼: B
Abstract: To reduce the aeroengine disk mass and improve the thrust to weight ratio of engine, the parameterized structural optimization is performed on an engine rotor disk. The optimization method of disk web is simplified by researching the relation between web thickness in different heights and radial burst margin of disk. Taking circumferential burst speed margin as the constraint condition and minimum volume as optimization objective function, Isight software and finite element analysis simulation is used to study disk center optimization method, and an example is calculated to verify its correctness. The results show that, on the basis of satisfying constraint condition, the disk volume is reduced by 8.66% and the maximum equivalent stress is reduced by 10.4%. The method can provide reference for the lightweight development of aeroengine turbine disk.
Key words: aeroengine; turbine disk; web thickness; burst margin; burst speed; equivalent stress; constraint; volume
0引言
輪盤是航空發動機重要的安全關鍵件之一,在高轉速、高溫度、高壓力的惡劣條件下工作.輪盤的轉速一般都達到每分鐘數千轉到數萬轉,負責固定葉片的輪盤除要承受自身的離心力外還要承受葉片的巨大離心載荷.由于葉片和輪盤的離心載荷很大,需要較大的盤心承受,所以輪盤設計得比較重.以高壓渦輪為例,其單盤的質量能占到整個高壓渦輪部件總質量的50%.由于渦輪盤質量巨大,其一旦破壞,產生的高能碎塊是任何機匣都無法包容的,因此為保證渦輪盤的可靠性,其設計也不得不保守.隨著優化技術的發展以及市場對產品效率的要求越來越高,對輪盤的輕質化設計需求也越強烈.早期國內有開展整體葉盤的設計……