望山見水?喚回鄉愁

栗子

《記住鄉愁》是由中共中央宣傳部、住房和城鄉建設部、國家新聞出版廣電總局、國家文物局聯合發起，中央電視臺中文國際頻道組織拍攝的大型紀錄片。《記住鄉愁》第三季是在第一季、第二季成功播出的基礎上，又一季全新制作的節目。2016年7月，《記住鄉愁》第三季正式開機，這一季的節目載體由古村向古鎮延伸，2016年9月，浙江衛視的紀錄片團隊赴北京參加了《記住鄉愁》第三季創作培訓，隨即投入了浙江部分的前期調研踩點，最終確定由浙江衛視承制《巖頭鎮：義以為上》一集。

建設美麗浙江、創造美好生活，是浙江省委、省政府的重要工作部署，是建設美麗中國在浙江的具體實踐。《巖頭鎮：義以為上》講述的正是“美麗浙江、美好生活”在浙江的生動實踐。

記住鄉愁：一個讓人既喜又憂的時代命題

“入冬以后，巖頭古鎮家家戶戶都要制作素面，白色的素面掛滿了宅前院后，這樣的習俗在當地已經綿延了近千年。”浙江衛視的一位工作人員說。

今天的巖頭鎮，從它的一橋一瓦、一樹一堤間依然可以感受到古風浸染下的那份淡定與從容。千百年來，這里的先民不僅為后人營造了一個天人和諧、園林式的耕讀空間，也為后世構筑起了一個寫滿擔當與大義的精神家園。

2017年1月2日起，大型紀錄片《記住鄉愁》第三季在央視正式開播。2月28日20點，由浙江衛視承制的第39集《巖頭鎮：義以為上》播出。在《記住鄉愁》官方發起的“下周節目單——投出您最期待的節目吧”活動中，《巖頭鎮：義以為上》一集備受關注，得票率一度遙遙領先。節目播出后，央視中文國際頻道《記住鄉愁》的工作人員也在第一時間給浙江衛視制作團隊發來官網反饋，說觀眾對這一期的留言評價超高。

觀眾“鄉居聽雨”留言說，浙南永嘉的巖頭鎮絕對是一個值得一去的地方。觀看第三季《記住鄉愁》以來，很少有令我自始至終充滿感動的體驗。在一個時長不超過半小時的節目中，能集合這么多重磅史實和故事，揭示所要表現的主題，難能可貴。

浙江溫州巖頭古鎮從古至今都重視社會公利，主張見利思義、義利并重，重視道義與責任，1991年被浙江省政府命名為省級歷史文化名鎮。三百里楠溪江，在江寬水緩的中游孕育出了巖頭這座千年古鎮，“義以為上”的精神在悠遠的歲月里滋養著這方水土，留下了一個又一個動人的故事。《巖頭鎮：義以為上》一集全面展示古鎮優美的人文景觀、深厚的文化積淀和豐富的歷史信息，展現中國人難以磨滅的鄉愁。

2月28日節目播出時，片中作為專家接受采訪出鏡的杭州師范大學政治與社會學院的鄧新文教授正在學校上課。晚上8時，90多名師生一起觀看《巖頭鎮：義以為上》電視直播。鄧老師發來微信說，看到我們浙江還有這么美麗的古鎮、這么善良的人民、這么自覺的文化保護意識，由衷贊嘆，甚至有許多同學感動得落淚。作為一名學者，鄧老師也在跟同學們的微信互動中表達了自己的發現和憂慮，“鄉村一空，則老底子蕩然無存”，梁漱溟先生八十年前就在他的《鄉村建設理論》一書中痛切地驚呼。記住鄉愁，義以為上，我們還有很多工作要做！

“兩美”浙江：繪制在人文藍圖上的生態景象

“望得見山、看得見水、記得住鄉愁”，在《記住鄉愁》第三季共60集中，除了巖頭鎮，浙江還有其他五個古鎮——烏鎮、南潯、西塘、慈城、龍門，也在屏幕上展現了別具一格的美，這其中的所謂“鄉愁”不僅是指思鄉之情，也反映了浙江大地新農村建設、城鎮化發展的累累碩果。通過古鎮民俗和家風祖訓，傳遞出愛國愛家、向上向善、共建共享的價值訴求，呼喚著中國人內心深處的家國情懷。

從“綠水青山”到“金山銀山”要邁過幾道坎？“綠水青山”如何源源不斷地帶來“金山銀山”？這是新常態下中國發展急需求解的方程式，更是走在前列的浙江面臨的發展命題。

而今邁步從頭越。“兩美”浙江的提出意味著，在黨的十八大提出“美麗中國”建設后，浙江再一次用實際行動展現出“干在實處、走在前列”的政治擔當、歷史擔當和責任擔當。

建設“兩美”浙江，是浙江做出的最新求解；打好轉型升級組合拳，則是浙江打通“綠水青山”和“金山銀山”新通道的主要手段。

這套組合拳更打出了新常態下浙江經濟發展的新氣象：新舊增長動力加快轉換，依托綠水青山培育新的經濟增長點，“綠色+”與“互聯網+”相互促進，互聯網金融、智慧物流、智能制造、健康養老、社交網絡等新經濟、新業態破繭而出，成為新的重要經濟增長點，“夢想小鎮”等一批特色小鎮引來海內外年輕創客，一大批“互聯網+”企業入駐新型“眾創空間”和創業生態圈。蓬勃發展的農家樂和民宿成為農民增收的新引擎。

《世界是平的》一書作者托馬斯·弗里德曼曾斷言：“當歷史學家回顧21世紀頭十年的時候，他們會認為最重要的事件不是經濟衰退，而是中國的綠色躍進。”

竹茶安吉、田園松陽；金色平湖、陽光溫嶺；龍游天下、夢留奉化；幸福江山、人間仙居……每一個名字，都是一道風景、一種象征。一支斑斕的生態彩筆，在浙江大地上暈染出美麗鄉村。

水泥路、柏油路代替了黃泥路，戶廁改造，垃圾污水集中處理，一批富有特色的民居修葺和保護，白墻黛瓦與青山綠水相得益彰。家鄉恢復了記憶中的樣貌，每逢假期，在蒼南縣城工作的陳奕練都會帶著家人回到老家靈溪鎮雙溪村，這似乎成為他與老家之間的約定。像陳奕練一樣，很多在外的雙溪村人回老家的次數多了，每一次回來，除親情的團聚，更多了一份度假的愜意。

歲月見證變遷。今天，行走在浙江城鄉，河流清清，綠野成頃，間雜茂林，阡陌交通，屋舍儼然，“兩美”從盆景漸成風景。這些變化的背后，是“綠水青山就是金山銀山”在浙江人發展理念中的內化，是“兩美”浙江在經濟社會建設全過程中的推進，更是浙江人對生態、自然、發展的新領悟。

Nostalgia about

Rural Hometowns

By Li Zi

Yantou， an ancient town in Wenzhou in the south of Zhejiang， became a star in the 60-episode ， a documentary produced by the CCTV international channel and jointly sponsored by various government authorities.

The series does not define nostalgia as longing for and memories of bygone eras or natural beauty of hometowns and villages. It presents rural development and urbanization， it emphasizes patriotism， family， public virtues and goods， and sharing of social benefits yielded from thriving economic growth.

The 39th episode about Yantou Town in the third season of the series was screened on the evening of February 28， 2017. Shortly after the screening， the Zhejiang Satellite Television received a congratulatory message from CCTV， which read that the episode garnered the highest rating since the screening of the series. The ZST deserved the honor simply because it did all the preparatory work. It even sent some crew members over to Beijing to get synched with the producer and eventually filmed the episode.

The 30-minute episode reveals the beauty of the rural town on the scenic Nanxi River and highlights the virtues the town has been famed for more than 1，000 years. Yantou stands out not only because of its natural beauty， history and cultural heritage but also because it has pursued public goods since very ancient times. Local residents take responsibility and virtue as top principles in pursuit of material gains and in the traditional administration of the local community. The towns history is full of stories about local people who practiced the top principles. In 1991， Yantou was named as a town of history and culture at the provincial level by the provincial government.

Professor Deng Xinwen with Political Science and Sociology School of Hangzhou Normal University appeared in the episode， providing expert comments on the cultural significance of the town. On the evening of February 28， he and 90 plus teachers and students watched the show at school. Some of his students wowed at the towns breathtaking beauty and some found the stories related in the episode heart-wrenching. Chatting about villages with his students on Wechat， a popular social media， the professor quoted the philosopher Liang Shuming （1893-1988） as saying in ， a book written more than 100 years ago， that the foundation of Chinese society would collapse if villages became vacant.

Yantou isnt the only ancient town that appeared in the third season of the village. As the series shifted its focus from ancient villages in the previous two seasons， the third season also presents five other episodes about five ancient towns of Zhejiang： Wuzhen， Nanxun， Xitang， Cicheng， and Longmen.

In booming economic growth and urbanization， Zhejiang has long since faced such rural issues as how to balance rural and urban growth and how to promote rural reconstruction and drive rural economic growth. The whole country also has these issues. After all， almost all Chinese people have their ancestral roots somewhere in the rural part of the country， an agricultural existence that lasted for thousands of years where wide-ranging urbanization didnt start until toward the end of the 20th century or past the beginning of the 21st century.

Zhejiang has got a package of solutions. The province has promoted rural tourism as a new economic growth point for rural residents. The government has implemented a string of preferential policies to encourage towns across the province to take advantage of local resources and explore new ways for economic growth. In this new rural development， internet is playing a significant part and green growth is being emphasized.

As the series is about China， Zhejiang is more ancient towns than the six presented in the third season of the series. As a result of the successful progress of the provincial governments rural projects， the rural Zhejiang has seen huge changes and transformation. Pollution is being cleaned up； rivers become clean and clear again； dirt roads are being replaced by cement and asphalt roads， waste-processing facilities come to villages； modern toilets for the general public and in homes are being constructed； rural financial institutions now work； smart manufacturing puts their roots down in rural bases， new industries are mushrooming.