訾惠君+周永斌+李鳳美+羅瑩+劉建華+張志軍
摘 要:為探討培養料中添加1%食鹽對平菇品質與貯藏性的影響,以含鹽培養料栽培的平菇為材料,測定鮮菇的營養成分,并分別對5,25,35 ℃貯藏條件下平菇的感官品質進行了分析。結果表明,培料中加入1%食鹽,平菇的主要營養成分含量未受影響,Na、K含量增加,菇質柔韌、不易破碎。在5,25,35 ℃條件下子實體保鮮效果明顯優于對照組,貯藏性提高。
關鍵詞:食鹽;平菇;品質;營養成分;貯藏性
中圖分類號:S646.1+4 文獻標識碼:A DOI 編碼:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2017.04.016
Effect of Compost Adding Salt on Quality and Storability of Pleurtus ostreatus
ZI Huijun, ZHOU Yongbin, LI Fengmei, LUO Ying, LIU Jianhua, ZHANG Zhijun
(Tianjin Research Institute For Forestry and Pomolgy, Tianjin 300384, China)
Abstract:The effect of compost adding salt on quality and storability at different storage temperatures of Pleurtus ostreatus were evaluated, including nutrient content and organoleptic quality. The results showed that the main nutrient components of oyster mushroom cultivated in medium contains 1 percentage of salt were not affected, and the contents of sodium and potassium increased. The mushroom was elastic and not easily broken. The fresh-keeping effects and storability under 5, 25, 35 ℃ were significant better than that of control group.
Key words:salt;Pleurtus ostreatus;quality;nutrient content;storability
平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)是側耳屬(Pleurotus) 中普遍栽培的糙皮側耳、鳳尾菇和白黃側耳等食用菌的統稱,發展速度較快、種植面積較廣、經濟效益較高[1],是目前我國栽培最多的4種主要的食用菌(蘑菇、香菇、草菇、平菇)之一[2]。但是,食用菌的子實體含水量高,組織脆嫩,呼吸作用強烈,常溫下采摘后鮮度保持期僅為1~3 d,極易出現軟化、褐變、腐爛、變質等現象,降低了商品價值和食用價值,很大程度制約了平菇的生產發展[3-5]。因此,延長平菇的貯藏期,保持品質,減少損耗對平菇產業化發展具有重要意義。據研究報道,在平菇栽培料中添加l%的食鹽不僅能促進菌絲生長,還可有效地防治雜菌感染,提高鮮菇品質,有利于運輸[2,7-8]。本試驗初步探討了在栽培料里添加食鹽對子實體品質和貯藏效果的影響,以期為研究出更為經濟、簡易的平菇保鮮方法提供一定的理論參考。
1 材料和方法
1.1 試驗材料
平菇菌株pL175,由天津市林業果樹研究所食用菌技術工程中心提供。……