摘 要:優質粳稻墾稻12號、綏粳4號種子按4∶6的比例混合種植栽培已經在黑龍江省第2積溫帶大面積推廣應用。試驗研究了不同播種量對粳稻墾稻12號、綏粳4號混種秧苗素質的影響。結果表明,隨著播種量的增加,水稻秧苗株高增加,葉片數減少,根數減少,莖基寬與充實度減小,秧苗地上部、地下部百株鮮質量與干質量均呈減小趨勢,而根系盤結力增強,秧苗立枯病病株率及病情指數也隨之增高,水稻產量以110 g·盤-1干籽處理最高,達9 292.47 kg·hm-2。
關鍵詞:播種量;混種;秧苗素質;產量
中圖分類號:S511 文獻標識碼:A DOI 編碼:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2017.04.022
Effects of Diffrent Sowing Amount on Seedling Quality of Mixed Planting between Kendao12 and Suijing4
LIU Chuanzeng
(Qiqihaer Sub-academy of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang 161006, China)
Abstract: Mixed cropping of 4∶6 proportiong between high quality japonica rice Kendao 12,Suijing 4 is widely used way of planting in the third temperature zone of Heilongjiang province. This paper studied effects of different sowing quantity on mixed seedling quality. The results showed that with the increase of seeding amount, seedling height increased, leaf number, root number, stem width and plumpness decreased, and dry quality, fresh quality of per one hundred seedling aboveground and underground decreased, while the root set strengthened, disease rate and disease index of seedlings increased, rice yield was the highest by 110 g·disk-1 dry seed treatment, reaching 9 292.47 kg·hm-2.
Key words: sowing amount; mixed planting; seedling quality; yield
黑龍江省是我國重要的商品糧基地,水稻的高產與穩產對保證國家糧食安全具有舉足輕重的作用。培育適齡壯秧、提升秧苗素質是寒地水稻栽培實現高產穩產的前提。優質粳稻墾稻12號、綏粳4號是黑龍江省第2積溫帶優質高產高效品種,二者生育期相近,株高相仿,籽粒類型相似,但各自優點與缺點也極其突出,針對該2個品種的特征特性,利用生物多樣性的原理,將二者按4∶6的比例混合種植,不但保留了墾稻12號的穗位整齊、分蘗力強與綏粳4號香味濃郁的優良性狀,而且克服了墾稻12號稈軟易倒與綏粳4號分蘗力不足的不良性狀[1-2]。
本試驗將墾稻12號與綏粳4號種子按4∶6的比例混播,研究不同播種量對水稻秧苗素質及群體性能及產能的影響,以確定最佳的播種量,為水稻精確定量栽培、優質高產高效栽培提供理論依據,同時為黑龍江省第2積溫帶水稻生產提供技術支撐[3],對提升黑龍江省水稻綜合生產能力、推動水稻產業發展具有重大意義。……