王月 蘇賀 +詹延廷 楊陽 董學會
[摘要] 該研究根據湖北省襄陽市當地農戶的生產經驗,結合湖北麥冬的生長發育實際狀況,初步確定湖北麥冬種苗分類的主要指標,對其進行K聚類分析后,將湖北麥冬單株種苗分為以下2類:Ⅰ類種苗為根系直徑大于2.5 mm、新生芽數目大于3、具有跑馬根且著生于最外層的短苗齡新苗;Ⅱ類種苗為根系直徑小于1 mm、新生芽數目小于2、不具備跑馬根且著生于最內層的長苗齡老苗。該研究調查了湖北麥冬生長期間的地上部指標、根部指標及塊根產量和品質,試驗結果表明Ⅰ類湖北麥冬種苗的生長發育狀況較好,且塊根產量較高,品質較好。該研究確定了對湖北麥冬生長發育有影響的主要分類指標,從而為湖北麥冬種苗分級標準的制定奠定了基礎。
[關鍵詞] 湖北麥冬; 種苗分類; 生長發育; 產量; 品質
Comparison of development condition of different Liriope spicata seedlings
WANG Yue, SU He, ZHAN Yanting, YANG Yang, DONG Xuehui*
(Chinese Agricultural University, Beijng 100193, China)
[Abstract] The study identified the main morphological index of the seedlings classification including seedling age,the root width and number of newborn buds and coarse roots, according to the local agricultural production techniques and assessment of Liriope spicata′s growth and development condition. After carrying on K cluster analysis of the morphological, we separated the seedlings into two levels. The first level (Ⅰ): the new talent with the root width exceeding two point five millimeters, the new born buds exceeding three, and with the coarse root exceeding one. The second level (Ⅱ): the old talent with the root width below one millimeters, the newborn buds below two and without coarse root. The study surveyed the plants′ growth index dynamics, as well as the yield and quality of the tuberous root. The experimental results suggested that the growth condition of seedling Ⅰwas better, the yield of earthnut higher, the quality of earthnut more excellent. The study lied the foundation of L. spicata′s grading standards and standardized production.
[Key words] Liriope spicata; seedling classification; development conditions; yield; quality
doi:10.4268/cjcmm201701??
湖北麥冬Liriope spicata (Thunb. ) Lour. var. prolifera Y.T. Ma為百合科山麥冬屬的植物,是《中國藥典》中藥材“山麥冬”中的品種之一[1],主產區在湖北省襄陽市歐廟鎮,以塊根入藥,塊莖中的甾體皂苷類物質被廣泛治療各種疾病,比如心肌缺血、血栓形成、缺氧和衰老、糖血癥。目前國內關于湖北麥冬的研究,主要集中在湖北麥冬的規范化高產栽培種植技術[2]、組織培養研究[3]、植物學特征[4]、資源多樣性鑒定[58]、化學成分測定及藥理作用和臨床藥效的研究[910],但缺少湖北麥冬種苗分級質量標準的研究。湖北麥冬采用分株繁殖的方式,當地農戶在進行選苗移栽時缺少可操作性強的標準化規程,僅僅憑借傳統經驗進行生產,致使移栽后植株生長發育狀況參差不齊,且成活率較低,不僅塊根產量低、而且藥用品質差。……