精神病患者刑事責(zé)任能力評(píng)定量表在司法精神病鑒定中的應(yīng)用

吳娟,李江涌,胡峰,丁紅艷,李業(yè)平,蔡昌群

·論著·

精神病患者刑事責(zé)任能力評(píng)定量表在司法精神病鑒定中的應(yīng)用

吳娟,李江涌,胡峰,丁紅艷,李業(yè)平,蔡昌群

目的探討精神病患者刑事責(zé)任能力評(píng)定量表(RSCRs)應(yīng)用于司法精神病鑒定實(shí)踐中的可能性。方法對(duì)200例刑事責(zé)任能力鑒定案例進(jìn)行RSCRS評(píng)分,對(duì)暴力犯罪案件增加暴力作案刑事責(zé)任能力評(píng)定量表(CRRSV)評(píng)定,并與專(zhuān)家鑒定意見(jiàn)進(jìn)行比較。結(jié)果全量表Cronbach's α系數(shù)為0.944,Guttmann分半信度為0.890；除條目10、11,其余各條目之間及與總分相關(guān)性尚可(r>0.400,P=0.000); 專(zhuān)家評(píng)定意見(jiàn)中不同等級(jí)責(zé)任能力及相互之間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=548.038,P=0.000)；探索性因素分析提取4個(gè)因子,累積貢獻(xiàn)率為78.612%,驗(yàn)證性因素分析提示模型擬合度比較理想；RSCRs等級(jí)劃分結(jié)果與專(zhuān)家鑒定意見(jiàn)一致性高(Kappa=0.876,P=0.000)。在暴力犯罪案件中,RSCRs和CRRSV總分高度正相關(guān),等級(jí)一致性高(Kappa=0.873,P=0.000); 判別函數(shù)回代92.5%的樣本劃分正確。結(jié)論RSCRs具有較好的信效度,可用于司法精神病鑒定中作為刑事責(zé)任能力評(píng)定及分級(jí)的參考工具。

司法精神病； 刑事責(zé)任能力； 評(píng)定量表； 信度； 效度

Abstract：Objective：To explore the usage of the rating scale of criminal responsibility for mentally disordered offenders (RSCRs) in the forensic psychiatric expertise.Method：200 forensic psychiatry cases were assessed by RSCRs,and criminal responsibility rating scale of violence (CRRSV) were assessed in violence cases.And the comparison was made between the scales and expert's opinion.Results：The total Cronbach's α was 0.944,Guttmann split-half reliability was 0.890.All items have good correlation with each other and with the total score of the scale (r>0.400,P=0.000),except 10th and 11th items.There were significant differences among the 3-level criminal responsibility(F=548.038,P=0.000).By the methodology of exploratory factor analysis four factors were extracted,which accounted for 78.612%,and conformatory factor analysis result showed good fitness.The RSCRs cutoff scores have a high consistency with expert's opinion (Kappa=0.876,P=0.000).There was a significant positive correlation between the RSCRs and the CRRSV scores in violence cases,and have a high consistency (Kappa=0.873,P=0.000).The accuracy of retrospective cumulative square was 92.5%.Conclusion：The RSCRs has good reliability and validity when applied,it can be used as a reference tool for criminal responsibility assessment and classification in the forensic psychiatric expertise.

Keywords： forensic psychiatry; criminal responsibility; scale; reliability; validity

精神病患者刑事責(zé)任能力的評(píng)估缺乏客觀標(biāo)準(zhǔn),長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)存在較多的爭(zhēng)議和分歧[1]。為提高鑒定工作的科學(xué)性、客觀性和一致性,2011年司法部頒發(fā)的《精神障礙者刑事責(zé)任能力評(píng)定指南》[2]中推薦使用精神病患者刑事責(zé)任能力評(píng)定量表(RSCRs)作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化評(píng)定工具。該評(píng)定量表在以往回顧性研究中顯示其結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容比較合理,信效度良好[3-4]。本研究擬前瞻性應(yīng)用該評(píng)定量表,進(jìn)一步探討其在司法實(shí)踐中應(yīng)用價(jià)值。