李衛強+曹輝



DOI:10.13340/j.jsmu.2017.03.014
文章編號:1672-9498(2017)03007906
摘要:為對機艙設備的油氣濃度進行獨立、有效的監視,根據機艙設備的油氣濃度在船舶航行過程以及靠離港時的變化特點,設計一種船舶機艙油氣報警輔助系統。該系統由布置在現場的MQ2傳感器、STM32處理器、單片網絡接口芯片W5100以及315 MHz無線模塊SR9915等組成。下位機STM32處理器接收現場油氣濃度數據,該數據經解析、封裝和傳輸后,通過315 MHz無線模塊SR9915發送到手持人機交互界面,對機艙油氣濃度進行隨時監測。系統能對不同處所、不同設備的油氣濃度進行實時顯示與輔助報警。實驗結果表明,系統實時性強、響應迅速、界面顯示清晰,能夠準確地獲得機艙內油氣的濃度。
關鍵詞:
船舶機艙; 數據采集; 無線傳輸; 手持設備; 延伸報警
中圖分類號:
U664.88;TN919.3;TP274.2
文獻標志碼:
A
Design and implementation of combustible gas extension alarm
auxiliary system of marine engine room
LI Weiqiang, CAO Hui
(Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, Liaoning, China)
Abstract:
In order to monitor combustible gas concentration independently and effectively in the marine engine room, according to the variation characteristics of the combustible gas concentration during ship sailing, berthing and unberthing, the combustible gas alarm auxiliary system of the marine engine room is designed. The system consists of MQ2 sensors arranged in the scene, the slave computer STM32 processor, the monolithic network interface chip W5100, and the 315 MHz wireless module SR9915. The slave computer STM32 processor receives the concentration data. The data are parsed, packaged and transmitted. For monitoring the concentration at any time, the data are sent to the humancomputer interaction interface through the 315 MHz wireless module SR9915. The system can carry out realtime display and auxiliary alarm to the combustible gas concentration of different equipments at different locations. Experimental results show that: the system is of good realtime, fast response and clear interface display; it can accurately obtain the concentration of combustible gas in the marine engine room
Key words:
marine engine room; data acquisition; wireless transmission; handheld device; extension alarm
0引言
在貨油泵艙內的任何操作都會導致氣液兩相間發生相互轉換現象,所要駁運油的品類、液貨油的溫度、艙內壓力和油液位變化速率等都會影響新的氣液平衡,進而使貨油泵艙內油氣濃度發生變化。資料顯示,油氣濃度、艙內初始溫度等對貨油泵艙油氣混合物爆炸有重要影響,且存在臨界油氣體積分數(2.5%)及臨界初始溫度(306 K),在臨界值時油氣爆炸最為劇烈
。[1]MOON等[2]給出了自動化機艙延伸報警系統的網絡架構,對設備參數的監控與報警延伸到輪機員住所、駕控臺、輪機長房間以及重要的公共場合。目前船舶安全管理中,對機艙主機掃氣箱、曲軸箱以及燃油艙油氣濃度的監控,只能在固定場所內通過安裝在集控室內固定的控制面板完成。當誤報警發生時,輪機員必須在集控室內完成消除報警操作,以使系統繼續運行,否則會導致主機停車,甚至發生交互控制系統癱瘓等事故。現有船舶弱電控制均采用現場布線對監控系統進行控制,隨著監控節點的增多,現場布線數量也隨之增加,這必然導致成本增加以及維護不便。隨著網絡信息技術以及控制技術的發展,智能移動設備在工業控制、安防監控等領域的應用漸漸成熟。[3]現有的機艙油氣濃度檢測不能實現無線測量,但可以通過手持的智能數據顯示設備(作為機艙管理的輔助裝置)實現對貨油泵艙原油、燃油、輕油等油氣濃度以及掃氣箱、曲軸箱、大艙、船員生活區、廚房等的實時監控,最大限度地加強船舶的安全管理。endprint