陳宣+陳加利+鄭道君+云勇
摘要 以桑12號(hào)桑樹種子為材料,研究不同溫度和不同NaCl濃度對桑樹種子萌發(fā)特性的影響。結(jié)果表明,桑樹種子萌發(fā)的最適宜溫度為25~35 ℃,在低溫(15 ℃)和高溫(45~55 ℃)條件下,種子均可萌發(fā),但發(fā)芽率明顯下降,發(fā)芽持續(xù)時(shí)間延長。NaCl脅迫均降低種子發(fā)芽率,50 mmol/L濃度對桑樹種子萌發(fā)抑制最小,200 mmol/L時(shí)種子萌發(fā)率極低。表明桑樹對鹽脅迫具有一定的耐受性,濃度過大則明顯抑制種子發(fā)芽和生長。
關(guān)鍵詞 桑樹;發(fā)芽;溫度;鹽脅迫
中圖分類號(hào) S888;Q945.78 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 1007-5739(2017)22-0234-03
Abstract Different temperatures(constant)and different salt(NaCl)concentrations were used to study the effects on seed germination of mulberry Sang No.12.The results showed that the optimum temperature for seed germination of mulberry was 25-35 ℃.The seeds could germinate at low temperature(15 ℃)and high temperature(45-55 ℃),but the germination rate decreased obviously,the germination time was prolonged.NaCl stress reduced seed germination rate.The inhibitory effect of salt concentrations on seed germination was 200 mmol/L,which was stronger than 50 mmol/L.The results also confirmed that mulberry tree had certain tolerance to salt stress,but the seed germination and growth could be obviously inhibited on high NaCl concentration.
Key words mulberry;germination;temperatures;salt stress
土壤鹽漬化是嚴(yán)重的世界性問題之一,我國有3 330萬hm2鹽漬土,約占全國可耕地面積的25%[1]。隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展,對自然環(huán)境的過度干擾加快了可耕作土地鹽化程度,嚴(yán)重影響植物的生長發(fā)育,阻礙農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,治理鹽地對促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展有積極意義[2]。桑樹具有易種植、生長迅速、用途廣泛等優(yōu)點(diǎn),廣泛用于生態(tài)綠化和修復(fù)、飼料加工、食品飲料等領(lǐng)域,發(fā)展桑樹產(chǎn)業(yè)具有良好的生態(tài)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)效益。目前,已有文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道不同植物間存在耐鹽性差異[3-4]、鹽脅迫對桑樹種子發(fā)芽率[5-6]和發(fā)芽勢等影響[7-8]。
海南省具有豐富的光、熱、水等資源,生產(chǎn)潛力大,桑樹在海南省全年均可生長,適宜養(yǎng)蠶時(shí)間為10個(gè)月以上,是全國最早上市同時(shí)也是最晚收市的地區(qū)。桑蠶產(chǎn)業(yè)具有“短、平、快”的特點(diǎn),生產(chǎn)周期短,種植后4個(gè)月就可采桑,1年可收獲4次,收獲期長達(dá)20年,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益明顯優(yōu)于水稻、橡膠、甘蔗等傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè),促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整優(yōu)化[9-10]。……