楊燕
[摘要] 目的 探討口腔正畸固定矯正治療中發生牙釉質脫落的情況,并就如何防止牙釉質脫落展開分析。 方法 回顧性分析2015年2月—2017年2月期間在該院接受口腔正畸固定矯正治療的120例患者臨床資料,矯正期結束后拆除固定矯治器,借助牙科治療臺燈光觀察患者牙釉質脫落情況。觀察120例患者治療后牙釉質脫落情況,分析導致患者牙釉質脫落的原因。結果 120例患者中有34例出現不同程度的牙釉質脫落情況,發生率為28.33%。從上下頜發生率來看,上頜脫礦率18.90%顯著高于下頜脫礦率7.62%,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。經logistic回歸分析發現,口腔衛生、牙面酸蝕、齦下菌斑、年齡等原因是導致牙釉質脫礦的危險因素。結論 口腔正畸固定矯正治療受到多種因素共同作用可導致牙釉質脫礦,加強口腔健康知識宣傳、強化斑菌控制意識、指導患者正確的舒雅方式,養成良好的進食習慣能有效預防牙釉質脫礦。
[關鍵詞] 口腔正畸;固定矯正治療;牙釉質脫礦;預防措施
[中圖分類號] R5 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742(2017)10(c)-0106-03
Clinical Study of Enamel Demineralization in Orthodontic Treatment
YANG Yan
Department of Stomatology, the First Peoples Hospital of Zhangjiagang(Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University), Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu Province, 215600 China
[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to investigate the occurrence of enamel shedding in oral orthodontic treatment and to analyze how to prevent the enamel shedding. Methods The clinical data of 120 patients from February 2015 to February 2017 in this hospital for oral orthodontic treatment were retrospectively analyzed; the end of the correction period after the removal of fixed appliance, with dental treatment desk to observe the patients enamel shedding and the causes of enamel shedding. Results 34 cases of 120 cases of varying degrees of enamel shedding occurred, the incidence was 28.33%. The maxillary prolapse rate was 18.90%, higher than that of mandibular degeneration rate of 7.62%, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that oral hygiene, tooth surface erosion, subgingival plaque, age and other reasons were leading to demineralization of enamel risk factors. Conclusion Oral orthodontic treatment can lead to enamel demineralization, strengthen oral health knowledge, strengthen the awareness of bacteria control, and guide the correct way of clearing the teeth, and develop good eating habits, which can effectively prevent enamel demineralization.
[Key words] Oral orthodontic treatment; Fixed correction treatment; Enamel demineralization; Preventive measures
口腔正畸是通過口腔技術手段,將排列不齊的牙齒進行矯正,矯正的方法有很多,最常見的就是固定矯正器治療。固定矯正器治療具有高精度、療效好的優勢,是很多臨床醫師和患者們的首選,在近百年來受到廣泛關注。但在口腔正畸固定矯正治療過程中,牙釉質脫礦等并發癥是比較常見的問題,發生牙釉質脫礦可能造成患者牙齒損傷,破壞口腔環境,危害極大,因此如何預防牙釉質脫礦也成為人們關注的焦點[1]。該次研究以該院2015年2月—2017年2月期間進行口腔正畸固定矯正治療的120例患者為例,探討口腔正畸固定矯正治療中發生牙釉質脫落的情況,并就如何防止牙釉質脫落展開分析,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
方便選取120例患者行口腔正畸固定矯正治療的患者均為該院收治,其中牙列擁擠53例、牙齒遠近中徑較大40例、上下牙弓牙齒比例失調27例。120例患者中男性67例,年齡在14~50歲,平均(32.4±8.3)歲,女性53例,年齡在15~52歲,平均(33.5±9.2)歲。所有患者入院后均采用直絲弓固定矯正治療,簽署知情同意書;排除意識障礙、牙齒存在明顯患齲傾向者、牙釉質發育不良的患者。endprint