淫羊藿、女貞子單用及配伍對(duì)絕經(jīng)后骨質(zhì)疏松癥大鼠骨量及內(nèi)分泌器官的影響

李曉曦 陳宇恒 唐秀鳳 高瑩瑩 于萍 馬紫童 劉仁慧

[摘要] 目的 研究淫羊藿、女貞子單用及配伍對(duì)絕經(jīng)后骨質(zhì)疏松癥大鼠內(nèi)分泌臟器及骨量的影響。 方法 將SPF級(jí)雌性SD大鼠48只按隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為假手術(shù)組、模型組、淫羊藿組、女貞子組、淫羊藿女貞子配伍組（配伍組）、雷洛昔芬組（陽(yáng)性藥組）。除假手術(shù)組外，其余各組行雙側(cè)卵巢切除術(shù)，術(shù)后1周開(kāi)始給予相應(yīng)的藥物治療至術(shù)后13周結(jié)束。取右側(cè)股骨進(jìn)行骨量測(cè)定，取子宮、腎上腺、垂體行HE染色及病理計(jì)量分析。 結(jié)果 與假手術(shù)組比較，模型組骨量及子宮指數(shù)、腎上腺指數(shù)、垂體指數(shù)均顯著降低（P < 0.05或P < 0.01），子宮內(nèi)膜及宮壁厚度、內(nèi)膜/宮壁比值，腎上腺束狀帶、球狀帶及皮質(zhì)厚度，垂體嗜堿性細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)均顯著降低（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）。與模型組比較，淫羊藿組、女貞子組及配伍組能顯著增加骨量，子宮內(nèi)膜及宮壁厚度、內(nèi)膜/宮壁比值，腎上腺束狀帶、球狀帶及皮質(zhì)厚度，垂體嗜堿性細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）;配伍組可顯著增加腎上腺指數(shù)（P < 0.05）;配伍組與淫羊藿組能顯著增加垂體指數(shù)（P < 0.01）。 結(jié)論 淫羊藿、女貞子單用及配伍防治絕經(jīng)后骨質(zhì)疏松癥大鼠骨質(zhì)疏松的作用可能與改善內(nèi)分泌器官的功能有關(guān)。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 絕經(jīng)后骨質(zhì)疏松癥;淫羊藿;女貞子;子宮;垂體;腎上腺

[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)] R681 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1673-7210（2018）12（b）-0012-05

Abstract] Objective To research the effects of Epimedii Folium， Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and synergy of the two herbs on bone mass and endocrine organs in postmenopausal osteoporosis rats. Methods Forty-eight female SD rats of SPF level were divided into sham group， model group， Epimedii Folium group， Ligustri Lucidi Fructus group， synergy of Epimedii Folium and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus group （synergy group） and Raloxifene group （positive drug group） by random number table method. Except for sham group， the other groups were taken bilateral oophorectomy， and all rats were administrated with the corresponding medicines from postoperative 1 week to postoperative 12 weeks. The bone mass of right femurs was detected， and the uterus， adrenal gland and pituitary were collected to take hematoxylin-eosin staining and pathometriometric analysis. Results Compared with sham group， the bone mass， the uterus index， adrenal index and pituitary index in the model group were decreased significantly （P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）， the endometrial thickness， uterine wall thickness， and the ratio of endometrial thickness to uterine wall thickness， the thickness of adrenal zona fasciculate， zona glomerulosa and cortex， and the number of basophil cells of pituitary in the model group were decreased significantly （P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）. Compared with the model group， Epimedii Folium group， Ligustri Lucidi Fructus group and synergy group could significantly increase the bone mass， endometrial thickness， uterine wall thickness， and the ratio of endometrial thickness to uterine wall thickness， the thickness of adrenal zona fasciculate， zona glomerulosa and cortex and the number of basophil cells of pituitary （P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）; synergy group could ignificantly increase adrenal index （P < 0.05）; synergy group and Epimedii Folium group could significantly increase pituitary index （P < 0.01）. Conclusion The effects of Epimedii Folium， Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and synergy of the two herbs in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in rats with postmenopausal osteoporosis may be related to the improvement of the function of the endocrine organs.

[Key words] Postmenopausal osteoporosis; Epimedii Folium; Ligustri Lucidi Fructus; Uterus; Pituitary; Adrenal gland

絕經(jīng)后骨質(zhì)疏松癥（postmenopausal osteoporosis，PMOP）是絕經(jīng)后婦女的常見(jiàn)病及多發(fā)病，主要因卵巢功能減退、雌激素水平下降，導(dǎo)致骨生成和骨吸收的代謝失衡。據(jù)有關(guān)資料顯示，全國(guó)骨質(zhì)疏松癥患者已近7000萬(wàn)人，PMOP約占80%，而且隨著人口不斷的老齡化，其患病率還將進(jìn)一步上升[1]。大量研究表明，中醫(yī)藥防治PMOP具有獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì)，其中淫羊藿、女貞子是臨床常用的治療PMOP的補(bǔ)腎中藥。課題組前期研究提示，以“陰陽(yáng)雙補(bǔ)，益精壯骨”立法的淫羊藿、女貞子配伍對(duì)糖皮質(zhì)激素誘導(dǎo)的低轉(zhuǎn)化性骨質(zhì)疏松癥及維甲酸誘導(dǎo)的高轉(zhuǎn)化性骨質(zhì)疏松癥均有較好的防治作用[2-4]，并且能提高性激素水平[5]。前期研究結(jié)果為淫羊藿女貞子配伍改善PMOP的研究提供了實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。本研究采用雙側(cè)去卵巢手術(shù)誘導(dǎo)大鼠PMOP模型，通過(guò)觀察淫羊藿、女貞子配伍及單用對(duì)骨量及內(nèi)分泌器官包括子宮、腎上腺及垂體的病理組織學(xué)的影響，探討藥物防治PMOP的作用與改善內(nèi)分泌功能的關(guān)系。……