鄭江麗 鮑春玉 冷雯


摘要:目的 探討“單獨二胎”、“全面二胎”政策實施前后剖宮產情況的變化。方法 選擇2013年3月~2014年2月在本院分娩的共3474例產婦,為二胎政策前A組; 2014年3月~2015年2月為單獨二胎政策后在本院分娩的共4015例產婦,為單獨二胎政策后B組;2016年3月~2017年2月在本院分娩的共4315例產婦,為全面二胎政策后C組,對其分娩情況進行回顧性分析,觀察剖宮產率和剖宮產指征的變化。結果 “單獨二胎”和“全面二胎”政策后剖宮產率均較政策前明顯下降(53.14% vs 44.18%,P<0.05;53.14% vs 42.36%,P<0.05),尤其是初產婦的剖宮產率下降顯著(53.78% vs 43.43%,P<0.05;53.78% vs 39.62%,P<0.05;43.43% vs 39.62%,P<0.05),而經產婦的剖宮產率在政策前后比較差異無顯著性。剖宮產適應癥中,社會因素所占比例顯著下降(14.35% vs 11.44%,P<0.05;14.35% vs5.80%,P<0.05;11.44% vs5.80%,P<0.05);母體因素所占比例顯著升高(24.16% vs 29.65%;29.65% vs 40.01%,P均<0.05)。結論 “二胎”政策的實施對人們的生育觀念產生了一定的影響,從而影響了人們分娩方式的選擇,降低了初產婦的剖宮產率,借機該政策的實施,全社會共同努力,進一步控制剖宮產率,促進自然分娩,促進母嬰健康。
關鍵詞:剖宮產率;剖宮產指征;“單獨二胎”政策;“全面放開二胎”政策
中圖分類號:R169 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1006-1959(2017)26-0057-03
Abstract:Objective To explore the changes of cesarean section before and after the implementation of the"second single child"and"comprehensive child"policies.Methods A total of 3474 mothers who gave birth in our hospital from March 2013 to February 2014 were selected as group A before second child policy.In March 2014 ~2015 year in February as a separate two-child policy after a total of 4015 cases of maternal in our hospital,as a separate two-child policy after B group;March 2016 ~2017 year in February a total of 4315 cases of maternal in our hospital,for the comprehensive two-child policy after C group,on the condition of delivery were analyzed retrospectively,observation of cesarean section and cesarean section sarean indication changes.Results "Second child alone"and"comprehensive child policy after cesarean section were significantly decreased before the policy (53.14%vs44.18%,P<0.05;53.14%vs42.36%,P<0.05),especially at the beginning of the cesarean section rate decreased significantly(53.78%vs 43.43%,P<0.05;53.78%vs39.62%,P<0.05;43.43%;vs39.62%,P<0.05),but no significant difference between before and after the policy after the cesarean section rate in cesarean section indications, the social factors accounted for ratio decreased significantly(14.35%vs11.44%,P<0.05;14.35%vs5.80%,P<0.05; 11.44%vs5.80%,P<0.05);accounted for a significantly higher proportion of maternal factors (24.16%vs29.65%;29.65%vs40.01%,P< 0.05).Conclusion The implementation of"two child"policy has a certain influence on the concept of fertility,which affects people choose the way of delivery,reduce maternal cesarean section,to the policy.The whole society should make joint efforts to further control the cesarean section rate, promote natural childbirth, and promote maternal and child health.endprint
Key words:Cesarean section rate;Cesarean section indications;"Separate two child" policy;"Comprehensive liberalization of second child" policy
我國剖宮產率的逐年增高已經嚴重影響到廣大孕產婦及新生兒的健康和生命。十八屆三中全會決定實施“單獨二胎”的生育政策[1],江蘇省自2014年3月28日起正式施行該政策,2016年3月28日起又實行了全面放開二胎政策,二胎政策的放開對我國孕產情況的影響如何,如何應對這種影響、更好地提供優質科學的產科服務是目前亟待廣大產科工作者解決的問題。本文對我院在單獨二胎政策、全面二胎政策前后住院分娩的11804例孕產婦分娩情況進行分析,探討如何在新政策下控制剖宮產率,促進自然分娩。
1 資料與方法
1.1一般資料
選擇2013年3月~2014年2月在本院分娩的共3474例產婦,為二胎政策前A組,初產婦2895例,經產婦579例(16.67%);2014年3月~2015年2月為單獨二胎政策后在本院分娩的共4015例產婦,為單獨二胎政策后B組,初產婦3143例,經產婦872例(21.72%);2016年3月~2017年2月在本院分娩的共4315例產婦,為全面二胎政策后C組,初產婦2804例,經產婦1511例(34.86%)。……