江平 朱慧芹
摘要現代茶園建立應具有物種多樣性、層次豐厚性、功能完善性生態位特征。通過“四園一體”與特色種質資源的優化配置、茶園間作與配套工程的實施,使主體(茶園)達到物流循環利用好、能流轉化率高、價值流增加顯著的整體效應,實現生態良種優質高效茶園生態平衡、生物鏈協調與相對穩定,自然形成山水園林、生態景觀、旅游文化的美學風貌和“四化”標準。
關鍵詞茶園;建立;配套;生態;技術
中圖分類號S571.1文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2018)08-0188-03
Technology of Modern Tea Garden Building and Supporting Projects
JIANG Ping, ZHU Huiqin
(Chizhou Agriculture Technology Promotion Center, Chizhou, Anhui 247000)
AbstractModern tea garden should have the ecological characteristics of species diversity, rich layers and perfect function. The principal part (tea garden) would achieve the effects of good logistics recycling, high energy conversion rate and significant value stream increase through the optimal allocation of “four gardens integration” and characteristic germplasm resources, intercropping and supporting projects, so as to realize the ecological balance of tea garden with fine variety and high quality, and relative stability of biological chain coordination. Finally, the standard for landscape garden, ecological landscape,tourism culture and aesthetics scence was formed naturally.
Key wordsTea garden;Building;Supporting;Ecology;Technology
作者簡介江平(1948—),男,安徽廬江人,高級農藝師,從事茶與食品科學研究。
收稿日期2017-11-27;修回日期2017-12-21
我國傳統茶園普遍存在群體類型單薄,整體布局缺失,垂直差異效果欠佳,季相景觀不明顯,群落結構不豐滿,美學價值較低等弊端。因此,現代茶園建設要運用生態經濟學、生態位、整體效應原理,堅持高標準、高質量、高效益的原則,因地制宜地營造生態型景觀林、觀賞型經濟林、層疊型防護林,達到生態良種優質高效標準化現代茶園的規范要求。筆者通過“四園一體”與特色種質資源的優化配置、茶園間作與配套工程的實施,使主體(茶園)達到物流循環利用好、能流轉化率高、價值流增加顯著的整體效應,實現生態良種優質高效茶園生態平衡、生物鏈協調與相對穩定,自然形成山水園林、生態景觀、旅游文化的美學風貌和“四化”標準。
1現代茶園規劃設計與墾殖技術
1.1茶園生態系統的構建
茶園生態系統的基本結構是生物種群結構的多樣性,空間結構的有序性,生態結構的協調性,營養結構的平衡性。……