以與時俱進的精神做好十九大報告的英文翻譯（四）

文/陳明明

把中文內在含義明確表述出來

1. 科學

“科學”直譯為scientif i c，但“科學”在中文中含義要廣泛得多，在社會、發展等語境中均不能譯為scientif i c。十九大報告中多處出現“科學”“科學發展”的表述，均根據語境不同采取不同譯法。

發展必須是科學發展。

Our development must be sound development.（“科學”用sound表達）

構建系統完備、科學規范、運行有效的制度體系

develop a set of institutions that are well conceived, fully built, procedure based, and eff i ciently functioning（用well conceived表達“科學”的概念）

建立全面規范透明、標準科學、約束有力的預算制度

put in place a comprehensive, procedure-based, transparent budget system that uses well-conceived standards and imposes effective constraints（同上）

推進科學立法、民主立法、依法立法，以良法促進發展、保障善治。

We will carry out lawmaking in a well-conceived and democratic way and in accordance with law, so that good laws are made to promote development and ensure good governance.（同上）

面向現代化、面向世界、面向未來的，民族的科學的大眾的社會主義文化

a socialist culture for our nation—a culture that is sound and people-oriented, that embraces modernization, the world, and the future（用sound譯“科學”）

科學配置黨政部門及內設機構權力、明確職責

ensure that powers are designated properly and functions and duties are def i ned clearly both for the institutions themselves and their internal bodies（用designated properly譯“科學”）

形成科學合理的管理體制

develop a sound system of administration

增強科學發展本領，善于貫徹新發展理念，不斷開創發展新局面。

We should be good at promoting sound development. We should effectively put into practice the new development philosophy, and continue to break new ground in development.

2. 水平

“水平”中文較含糊，英文不宜都機械譯為level。

高水平創新團隊

high-performing innovation teams（不用 high level）

提高社會治理社會化、法治化、智能化、專業化水平

strengthen public participation and rule of law in social governance, and make such governance smarter and more specialized（“水平”未直譯出）

提高國防和軍隊建設法治化水平

strengthen the role of rule of law in enhancing national defense and military capabilities（“水平”不直譯）

公共文化服務水平不斷提高。

Public cultural services have been improved.（同上）

國家治理體系和治理能力現代化水平明顯提高。

Notable progress has been made in modernizing China’s system and capacity for governance. （同上）

3. 格局

“格局”含義比較模糊，要靈活處理，但均不用pattern的譯法。

形成軍委管總、戰區主戰、軍種主建新格局

a new military structure has been established with the Central Military Commission exercising overall leadership, the theater commands responsible for military operations, and the services focusing on developing capabilities

推動形成全面開放新格局

make new ground in pursuing opening up on all fronts （“格局”未出現）

堅持大扶貧格局

we will continue to advance poverty reduction drawing on the joint efforts of government, society, and the market（“格局”未譯，“大”中文含義未說明，英文譯出。）

打造共建共治共享的社會治理格局

establish a social governance model based on collaboration, participation,and common interests（此處“格局”用“model”代替）

推動形成人與自然和諧發展現代化建設新格局

work to develop a new model of modernization with humans developing in harmony with nature

形成節約資源和保護環境的空間格局、產業結構、生產方式、生活方式

develop spatial layouts, industrial structures, and ways of work and life that help conserve resources and protect the environment □

Recommended Books for Preschoolers

The Cat in the Hat

Quite simply, this Dr. Seuss masterwork is the most revolutionary children’s book to come out in the past one hundred years. It’s a bold statement at fi rst, but you need to take a look at the back story to fully appreciate the sentiment.Theodore Geisel (aka Dr. Seuss) created this story in 1957 as a reaction to early childhood literacy in the United States—specif i cally, books that were geared to be primers for kids to learn how to read. Essentially, Geisel was challenged

to write a book that was far more entertaining and effective in its endgame than traditional primers like theDick and Janeseries were.The result was a book that featured wildly inventive illustrations and simple story, both of which effortlessly evoked a sense of adventure.