賀東偉

摘 要:相較于傳統(tǒng)的焊接技術(shù),鋁合金激光焊接有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn),但在焊接中,依然存在著一系列質(zhì)量問(wèn)題。本文結(jié)合近些年來(lái)激光焊接技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀,簡(jiǎn)要分析了鋁合金激光焊接的特性和焊接過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題,并對(duì)激光焊接工藝的優(yōu)化提出了相應(yīng)的措施。
關(guān)鍵詞:鋁合金;激光焊接;質(zhì)量
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):V261.34 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1003-5168(2018)23-0054-02
Study on Quality of Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloy
HE Dongwei
(Heilongjiang Polytechnic,Harbin Heilongjiang 150080)
Abstract: Compared with the traditional welding technology, aluminum alloy laser welding has many advantages, but there are still a series of quality problems in welding. Based on the current research status of laser welding technology in recent years, the characteristics of laser welding of aluminum alloy and the quality problems in the process of welding were briefly analyzed, and the corresponding measures for the optimization of laser welding process were put forward.
Keywords: aluminum alloy;laser welding;quality
近年來(lái),激光焊接技術(shù)取得了飛速發(fā)展,被越來(lái)越廣泛地應(yīng)用到制造業(yè)中。與以往的焊接技術(shù)相比,激光焊接技術(shù)有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì),正逐步取代傳統(tǒng)的焊接工藝。鋁合金激光焊接工藝推動(dòng)了工業(yè)的發(fā)展,為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展作出了極大的貢獻(xiàn)。
1 激光焊接技術(shù)
激光焊接技術(shù)是用高能量的激光作為熱源,將金屬熔化后進(jìn)行焊接[1]。激光焊接技術(shù)分為熱傳導(dǎo)焊接和深熔焊接,熱傳導(dǎo)焊接是將高強(qiáng)度的激光束輻射到金屬的表面,利用激光強(qiáng)大的能量將金屬熔化,形成焊縫。深熔焊接是在高功率的激光束照射下,金屬材料發(fā)生蒸發(fā)現(xiàn)象形成小孔,小孔能有效吸收激光束的能量,將金屬熔化。相較于其他焊接技術(shù),激光焊接技術(shù)有許多的優(yōu)勢(shì)。如發(fā)射的激光束有很高的密度,蘊(yùn)含的能量巨大,因而在焊接時(shí)有很高的效率。被焊接的工件受熱區(qū)域小,不易發(fā)生變形,深寬比較大。激光焊接還能進(jìn)行微型焊接,通過(guò)將激光束聚焦能形成較小的光斑,作出精密的定位,從而進(jìn)行微小型元件的焊接[2]。
2 鋁合金激光焊接中存在的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題……p>