劉鵬程 張紹和



摘 要:本文首先闡述某滑坡的基本特征和滑體組成,然后對滑坡的穩定性因素和破壞模式進行分析,滑坡的形成受地形地貌、地層巖性、地質構造、水文地質、氣候因素和人為作用等共同作用。再次,采用極限平衡法計算坡體的穩定性和滑坡推力,發現自然條件下處于基本穩定狀態,暴雨作用下,處于不穩定狀態。最后,提出采用“微型樁+擋土墻+截排水溝”的綜合治理措施,以防止滑坡進一步變形,消除地質隱患。
關鍵詞:巖質滑坡;穩定性分析;滑坡推力
中圖分類號:P642.22 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1003-5168(2018)23-0115-03
Cause Analysis and Stability Evaluation of a Rock Landslide
LIU Pengcheng1,2 ZHANG Shaohe1,2
(1.School of Geosciences and Info-physics , Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410083;2. Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring,Central South University, Ministry of Education ,Changsha Hunan 410083)
Abstract: The basic characteristics of a landslide and the composition of the landslide were introduced. The stability factors and failure modes of landslides were analyzed. The formation of landslides was affected by topography, formation lithology, geological structure, hydrogeology, climatic factors and human effects. The stability of the slope and the thrust of the landslide were calculated by the limit equilibrium method. Under natural conditions, it was in a basically stable state, and under the action of heavy rain, it was in an unstable state. The comprehensive treatment measures of “micro-pile + retaining wall + interception and drainage engineering” could prevent further deformation of the landslide and eliminate geological hazards.
Keywords: rock landslide;stability analysis;landslide thrust
1 研究背景
我國地質構造復雜,且處于環太平洋帶和北半球中緯度帶兩大自然災害帶的交匯區,是世界上地質災害最發育、分布范圍最廣、危害最嚴重的國家之一。其中,滑坡是地質災害類型中發生頻率最高的災害,約占各類地質災害總數的3/4,對人們的生命、財產和工程經濟造成重大損失[1,2]。
某巖質滑坡始發于2013年,每逢強降雨,坡體均會產生局部滑動,威脅當地百姓生命財產安全。該滑坡已沖毀坡體內部60m道路,損壞房屋5戶23間,直接經濟損失達100萬元,目前,仍對坡體內部200m道路及15戶62名村民的生命財產安全構成嚴重威脅,潛在經濟損失約400萬元,危害對象等級為三級[3]。
2 滑坡災害體特征
該滑坡分布于斜坡中下部,空間形態呈圈椅狀,特征較明顯。滑坡體地面坡度20°~30°,寬度68m,縱向長約50m,面積約3 500m2,主滑方向213°,相對高差25m。滑體最大厚度5.5m,平均厚度3.5m,總方量1.2×104m3,為小型淺層巖質滑坡。……