劉莉莉 文正華 單曉政 張文慧 賀麗霞 宋文芹 孫德嶺 江漢民
摘 要: 黑腐病是影響青花菜生產的主要病害之一,為了更好地研究該致病菌的致病機制和十字花科蔬菜對其抗性的分子機制,從發病田間采集具有典型癥狀的病害標樣,對病原菌進行分離、純化,并對其形態特征、理化特性和致病性進行了分析,同時測定了該菌株23S rDNA和hrcC基因序列,分析了與近緣細菌23S rDNA和hrcC基因序列的同源性,構建了系統發生樹,比較了2種基因對相似細菌的檢測和鑒別能力,結果表明,hrcC基因用于該致病菌的鑒定更具優越性。根據分離菌的表型特征及分子特征,判定該分離菌為青花菜黑腐病的致病菌-野油菜黃單胞桿菌野油菜致病變種。
關鍵詞: 青花菜;黑腐病;23S rDNA;hrcC基因
Abstract: The black rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris is one of the main disease affecting broccoli production. In order to study the pathogenic mechanism of the pathogenic bacteria and the molecular mechanism of crucifer resistance to the pathogen, diseased samples with typical symptom were collected and representative strains were selected to determine morphology, cultural characters, straining reaction, physiological and biochemical reactions and pathogenicity of pathogen. In addition, the 23S rDNA and hrcC gene were partially sequenced and compared with the sequences deposited in databased, molecular phylogentic trees were constructed based on two genes. The results showed that hrcC gene analysis may be a more useful tool for interspecies identification. The isolates were identified as Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris based on their phenotepic and molecular characteristics.
Key words: Broccoli; Black rot; 23S rDNA; hrcC gene
青花菜又名青花椰菜、西蘭花。十字花科蕓薹屬甘藍種中以綠花球為產品的一個變種,是國際暢銷的一種名特蔬菜,具有很高的營養保健價值。近年來隨著消費需求逐年增加,種植面積不斷擴大,輪作倒茬時限越來越短,黑腐病的危害呈逐年加重的趨勢,該病的成因及預防也是科研工作者關注的焦點問題。十字花科黑腐病由革蘭氏陰性植物病原菌Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc)引起的,是一種能使全球范圍內所有十字花科植物形成黑腐病的重要病害[1],其發病普遍且危害嚴重,染病后引起葉脈變黑、葉片枯死,影響植株光合作用,造成產量和花球品質的下降。該病對危害甘藍類蔬菜(Brassica oleracea)(包含青花菜)的生產,流行年份枯死率可達30%以上[2-4],許多科研工作者致力于十字花科植物特別是甘藍類蔬菜抗黑腐病的遺傳規律,以及對致病菌侵染的應答模式、基因的篩選及抗病機制的探尋等方面的探尋[5-7]。……