呂雙雪 欒非時 朱子成 李燕 李亞平 王學征
摘 要: 為探究西瓜對拿捕凈、莠去津的敏感性,為拿捕凈、莠去津安全應用和選育耐藥性品種提供理論依據,選用3個西瓜品種,采用不同濃度的拿捕凈、莠去津對西瓜種子進行處理,測定了西瓜種子的發芽率、側根數、根長以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、過氧化物酶(POD)活性。結果表明,莠去津與拿捕凈對西瓜種子發芽率有一定影響;莠去津對不同西瓜種子側根數有抑制作用;不同拿捕凈處理對西瓜種子側根數、根長、SOD活性和POD活性有促進作用。綜合看來,除草劑拿捕凈對西瓜種子萌發及相關酶活性有促進作用,能夠有效提高西瓜產量、改善品質。
關鍵詞: 西瓜; 莠去津; 拿捕凈; 種子萌發; 酶活性
Abstract: In order to explore the sensitivity of watermelon to sethoxydim and atrazine and provided a theoretical basis for the safe application and selection of drug resistant varieties,this experiment selected three watermelon varieties and applied different concentrations of the sethoxydim and atrazine,the germination rate, lateral root number, root length , dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities of watermelon seeds were measured.The results showed that atrazine and sethoxydim had a certain effect on the germination rate of watermelon seeds. Atrazine inhibited the number of lateral roots of different watermelon seeds. Different concentrations of sethoxydim have a positive effect on the number of lateral roots, root length, SOD activities and POD activities of watermelon seeds. Taken together, the herbicide sethoxydim can promote germination rate and related enzyme activity of watermelon seeds, and can effectively improve the yield and quality of watermelon
Key words: Watermelon; Atrazine; Sethoxydim; Seed germination; Enzyme activity
西瓜是我國重要的園藝作物,西瓜產業是具有較強國際競爭力和較大經濟增長空間的重要園藝產業之一[1-2],據世界糧農組織統計,2016年我國西瓜栽培面積為189萬hm2,甜瓜栽培面積48萬hm2,分別占全球西瓜甜瓜總栽培面積的38.3%和53.8%,均居世界第一[3]。西瓜多與玉米和大豆輪作,玉米和大豆生產中經常大量使用除草劑,而西瓜是對除草劑比較敏感的作物,隨著除草劑應用數量和種類的不斷增加,西瓜出現藥害的現象也越來越突出,輕者影響西瓜的產量和品質,重者造成絕收,給瓜農帶來不可彌補的損失。
拿捕凈化學名稱為2-[1-(乙氧亞氨基)丁基]-5-(2-乙硫基丙基)-3-羥基環己-2-烯酮,又稱烯禾定(sethoxydim),別名乙草丁,是日本曹達株式會社生產的旱田除草劑,是一種內吸選擇性除草劑,噴灑施藥后,很快被雜草的莖葉吸收,對一年生和多年生禾本科雜草都有較好的除草效果[4]。……