中央公園一號，悉尼，澳大利亞

主創建筑師：讓·努維爾工作室；本地合作建筑師：PTW建筑事務所

Design Architect: Ateliers Jean Nouvel; Local Collaborating Architect: PTW Architects

1 懸挑的空中花園/The view of heliostats and reflector

悉尼上城的CBD一直都是城市主流商務區，但是中央公園創造了一個新的市中心，成為高校和創意產業人群、藝術愛好者和食客們匯聚的地點。中央公園是悉尼日益擴大的交通網絡的重要節點，連接了薩里山、切彭代爾、格萊貝和波希米亞街區。發達的公共交通路線，直通山景、海灘和機場。這里是悉尼最好的交通樞紐。

中央公園一號包含兩棟16層和33層的塔樓。塔樓下部5層為底商，整個開發項目的建筑面積為58,000m2。在用于商業和娛樂空間的裙樓之上， 建有624套豪華公寓。20,000m2的零售，將包含所有標準的便利超市、美食廣場及時尚購物、體育健身中心，在城市喧囂和繁忙與低密度的住宅建筑之間形成過渡，不僅提升了住客的居住舒適度，也滿足了周邊城郊大學、創意園及游客的需求。

東側塔樓處最有特色的日光反射裝置，是一個延伸到40m之外的懸臂式結構，由320個固定的、機動化的紅外線鑲嵌板組成，用來將太陽光折射到區域內任何一個被陰影覆蓋的地方。懸臂由4個桁架支撐起來，到了晚上，日光反射裝置變成一個非常現代化的公共藝術品，閃爍的LED燈光不斷變化反映出塔樓色彩斑斕的夢幻景象。

為了滿足環境可持續性設計的特殊標準，項目提供中央再生水處理設備，循環水被用于所有灌溉。細節上，模塊化金屬聚乙烯種植箱水培綠植，不銹鋼電纜供藤蔓植物攀爬。茂密的樹叢與開敞的綠坪，自然植被的組合將塔樓包裹其中垂直向上生長。植物墻的作用是通過光合作用，吸收CO2，釋放O2。“生物塔樓”阻隔熱量，減少能源消耗的概念由此得以實現。40m懸臂式空中花園更使這座建筑在國際建筑領域嶄露頭角。□

2 全景/Overall view

3 鳥瞰/Aerial view

項目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: Frasers Property Australia and Sekisui House Australia

主創建筑師/Design Architect: 讓·努維爾工作室/Ateliers Jean Nouvel

本地合作建筑師/Local Collaborating Architect: PTW建筑事務所/PTW Architects

綠墻設計/Green Wall Designer: Patrick Blanc

建筑面積/Gross Floor Area: 67,626m2

建筑高度/Building Height: 東塔/East tower: 116m, 西塔/West tower: 64.5m

居住單元/Residential Units: 623

設計/竣工時間/Design/Completion: 2010/2014

攝影/Photos: Murray Fredericks ( fig. 1,2,8,9), Ethan Rohloff Photography ( fig. 3), Frasers Property ( fig. 4), Simon Woods ( fig. 7,10,11)

4 從社區花園看住宅塔樓/The view of residential tower

Sydney's CBD has long been the city's mainstream commercial zone but Central Park has created a new downtown. This live-work urban village provides the previously missing hub where the city's universities, creative industries and sophisticated gallery-goers and diners can meet. Central Park marks a crucial intersection for Sydney's expanding transport network and offers unrivalled connections to local cultural destinations. It links the bohemian neighbourhoods of Surry Hills, Chippendale, Glebe and Newtown and offer s fast public transport routes to mountains, beach and the airport. It is Sydney's best connected site.

One Central Park comprises two towers, 16 stories and 33 stories respectively, on a 5-storeyed retail podium as part of a 5.8-hectare development plan. The towers provide 623 luxury apartments above a retail and recreation podium.

The heliostats and reflector array is the largest application to any building and directs sunlight to the Southern courtyard. The heliostat reflector frame carries approximately 500m2of mirrors. These fixed mirrors are arranged into several clusters designed to specifically target pre-determined ground and podium areas across the precinct. The eastern tower features a dramatic light reflector installation, from the upper levels on a grand cantilever. The Heliostat reflector incorporates an innovative system of both fixed and motorised mirrored panels, designed to capture sunlight and redirect it into the retail atrium and onto the landscaped terraces.

Planter boxes, vertical vines and green walls incorporated into the facade wrap the towers in plant life, extending the central parkland upward. The fa?ade is dramatic and composed, as it is also highly tectonically resolved and expressive. With the concept of "parkland" at the heart of the precinct, this biomechanical building showcases extensive vertical and horizontal gardens, hydroponic green walls, modular metal clad polyethylene hydroponic planter boxes with stainless steel vine climbing cables, a 40-metre cantilevering sky garden/heliostat reflector and green roofs make this building's envelope unparalleled in the international architectural arena.□

5 住宅東塔29層平面/Level 29 east tower plan

6 剖面/Section

7 日光反射裝置成為激發社區活力的景觀/The heliostats evoking social activity

8 日光反射裝置在夜晚轉換為藝術照明裝置/The heliostats and reflector function as art work

9.10 被豐富植被包裹的都市生活/Greening wall

評論

安東尼·伍德: 在過去數年間，將綠化融入高層建筑的建筑形式取得了重大進展，但從未在如此規模的建筑上嘗試或實現過。這是一座真正意義上的綠色建筑，讓人不得不相信即使高層建筑也可以積極地響應環境，因而飽受贊譽。就居住層面而言，中央公園一號為公寓的居住者提供夢幻般視野、沁入心脾的芬芳和絕佳的聽覺體驗，極大地減少當地社區的城市熱島效應。這座建筑為我們明確地指明了方向，不僅建筑需要基本的自然元素，我們的城市也需要全新的審美，該項目的42個定日鏡將陽光反射到樹蔭覆蓋的街道上，其對城市空間的慷慨大度使其成為該項目最可持續的成就。

青鋒：對于像我這樣的綠植愛好者來說，中央公園一號的塔樓住宅非常具有吸引力。設計者已經為花圃預留了充足的地方，并且有統一設計的花盆，以解決可能帶來的安全隱患。充分的陽光會給植物們帶來繁榮，這是高層建筑最大的優勢之一。但令人有些疑慮的是，花圃在陽臺之外，住在高層的人如何能夠照料這些植物，在某些區域這看起來是一種非常危險的操作。這個設計中另外一個優待綠植的手段是高層懸挑的反光板，理論上它可以將陽關反射給底層的花園。我們沒有數據證明這種反射體系的實際效用，但是它對摩天樓單一形態的突破是清晰可見的。或許，塑造一種標志性是比照料植物更為成功的結果。

Comments

Antony Wood: There have been major advances in the incorporation of greenery in high-rise buildings over the past few years – but nothing on the scale of this building has been attempted or achieved. It is a truly green building that convincingly shows that tall buildings can be environmentally sound. In the living fa?ade, One Central Park provides fantastic visual, tactile aromatic, and auditory experiences for the occupants of the apartments and deliver significant urban heat island reductions and other benefits to the local neighbourhood. This is also a tall building that points the way forward, not only for an essential naturalisation of our built environment, but for a new aesthetic for our cities entirely appropriate to the environmental challenges of our age. In addition, the neighbourhood is further enhanced by the project's 42 heliostats that reflect sunlight onto the shaded streets. It is perhaps this generosity toward the urban realm that will endure as the project's greatest sustainable achievement.

QING Feng: For a plant enthusiast like me, a residential building like "One Central Park" is very appealing. The architect has designed a large space for the parterre with uniformly designed flowerpots, which are less of a potential safety hazard. Ample sunlight allows the plants to flourish, one of the great advantages of high-rise buildings. However, for some reason, the parterre is located outside the balcony, raising the question of how residents living on the upper floors can take care of the plants. In certain areas, this could be quite dangerous.

Another design feature that is also beneficial for growing green plants is the use of overhanging, highrise heliostats, which can theoretically reflect sunlight onto the ground- floor garden. No data is available yet to prove the efficacy of this reflection system, but such an innovation represents a breakthrough in the common form of skyscrapers. This may result in the creation of an iconic building even if it does not achieve its plantfriendly purpose. (Translated by Dandan Wang)

11 空中花園日景/Sky garden day view