劉炳 蔣淼路 鄭凡 江燕紅
【摘 要】
目的:應用毛細管血紅蛋白電泳技術篩查疑似地中海貧血患兒,為查找貧血原因提供參考價值。提高地中海貧血患兒生存質量和預后治療提供有力保障。
方法 選取134例貧血患者作為研究組,選取50例非貧血健康者作為對照組。開展血液常規分析、血紅蛋白各組分定量檢測、地中海貧血相關基因檢測,并以基因檢測為確診實驗。計算各方法的靈敏度、特異度、陽性預測值、陰性預測,對比兩組數據的檢測結果,選擇適合各級醫療機構開展的地中海貧血實驗的篩查方法。
結果:134例標本中,血液常規分析異常109例、陽性率為81.3%、敏感性為100%、特異性為39.7%、陽性預測值為57.8%、陰性預測值為100%;血紅蛋白電泳異常占83例、陽性率為61.9%、敏感性為100%、特異性為80.9%、陽性預測值為75.9%、陰性預測值為100%;基因實驗陽性占63例,陽性率為47%。
結論 全自動毛細管電泳技術具有自動化程度高、檢測結果準確快速,符合基因診斷,且方便快捷簡單等,值得大力推廣。
【關鍵詞】毛細管電泳 ;地中海貧血 ; 基因確診
Abstract Objective:
Purpose Applying the technology of capillary hemoglobin electrophoresis to screening children suspected of thalassemia, providing reference value for finding out the cause of anemia. To improve the quality of life and prognosis of children with thalassemia to provide effective protection.
Method Select 134 patients with anemia as study group and 50 cases of non-anemia healthy persons as control group. Carry out routine blood analysis, quantitative determination of hemoglobin components, detection of genes associated with thalassemia, and using gene detection as a diagnostic test. Calculate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of each method, compare the results of two groups of data, select screening Methods:suitable for thalassemia experiments conducted by medical institutions at all levels.
Result: in the 134 specimens, there were abnormal 109 cases of routine blood analysis, the positive rate was 81.3%, the sensitivity was 100%, the specificity was 39.7%, the positive predictive value was 57.8%, negative predictive value was 100%; there were abnormal 83 cases of hemoglobin electrophoresis, the positive rate was 61.9% and the sensitivity was 100%, the specificity was 80.9%, the positive predictive value was 75.9%, negative predictive value was 100%; there were 63 cases of positive gene experiment, The positive rate was 47%.
Conclusion: Automatic capillary electrophoresis is worth popularizing not only with high degree of automation, accurate and fast results but also conforms to genetic diagnosis, conveniently, quickly and convenient, etc.For worth promoting.
Key words: Capillary electrophoresis;Thalassemia;genetic diagnosis
【中圖分類號】 R249
【文獻標識碼】 A
【文章編號】 1672-3783(2019)02-03-153-01
貧血是兒科常見疾病之一,若不引起充分的重視,會導致一系列的嚴重后果,從而影響生長發育。因此對于臨床小兒貧血的診斷相當關鍵,查找貧血原因,對貧血對因治療尤為重要,其中地中海貧血臨床表現無明顯的特異性,主要表現為黃疸、肝脾腫大、發育不良等,極嚴重者可能引發死亡[1]。臨床診斷較困難,主要依據實驗室診斷。隨著精準醫療的發展與進步,對臨床診療越來越提出嚴苛的要求,為提高臨床診斷效率,全自動毛細管電泳技術應運而生。雖然目前用于明確診斷地中海貧血的是PCR技術結合分子生物學方法[2],由于分子生物學技術要求高,價格昂貴等,不利于大面積人群篩查[3];血紅蛋白分析儀難以檢出異常血紅蛋白病[4]。因此本文研究毛細管電泳技術從而篩查出地中海貧血患者,以利于其在以后的醫學診斷和預后觀察中起重要作用。現將本研究結果匯報如下。