一個想成為漢教專家的布隆迪小伙

Young Man from Burundi Dreams to be a Chinese Teaching Expert

弗迪南是一位身高一米八的帥小伙，出生于布隆迪首都布瓊布拉一個教師家庭，目前他會說漢語、英語、法語、布隆迪語和斯瓦西里語五門語言。從真正成為布隆迪大學孔子學院本土教師的那一刻起，他心中就有一個夢想 成為布隆迪優秀的漢教專家。

說起弗迪南與漢語的結緣，要追溯到2012年。那一年布隆迪大學孔子學院剛剛成立，作為大學計算機電子工程專業一年級學生的弗迪南，雖然會四門語言，但抱著多掌握一門語言多一條出路的想法報了漢語班，開啟了第五門語言的學習。在學漢語之前，弗迪南對中國根本不了解，只知道法語如何說“中國”二字，除此之外就是在地理課上知道的那丁點兒知識了。但接觸這門語言后，弗迪南就被漢語及中國文化深深吸引，學得非常努力。一年后，弗迪南順利的通過了HSKI的等級考試，成功申請到了去沈陽師范大學漢語研修一年的獎學金機會，赴中國專心學習漢語。一年研修后，弗迪南回布隆迪大學完成本專業的學習，同時繼續在孔院學習漢語。畢業后，弗迪南一邊在孔院做教學秘書，一邊堅持學習漢語，最終順利通過了HSK5的等級考試。以此為契機，弗迪南又申請到了去渤海大學攻讀漢語教育碩士的機會，來到中國繼續專心學習漢語，并于2018年7月順利畢業，取得漢碩學位。在此期間，正值孔子學院總部招考本土教師，弗迪南通過努力考取本土教師并回到布隆迪大學孔院任教。

為了做好漢教本土教師，弗迪南專門從學習語言的需求情況和孔院發展的現狀作了調查，以便為自己找準定位。通過調查，弗迪南發現，隨著中國“一帶一路”倡議的實施，加之中國與布隆迪兩國關系很好，中國在布隆迪的投資也越來越多。大環境影響小氣候，掌握漢語的布隆迪人既可以在當地中資企業找工作，也可以到其他國家做翻譯，由此，學習漢語的需求不斷增大。針對孔院的發展狀況，弗迪南看到，布隆迪大學孔子學院經過近六年的發展，已經取得了不俗的成果。比如教學點增多，學漢語的人數逐年上升，教學質量不斷提高，漢語教育雖然沒有納入國民教育體系，但在大學里已經作為學分課存在了等等。但任何事物的發展都會遇到挑戰和很多意想不到的困難。弗迪南發現，發展中遇到的困難和問題，有些孔院自己可以解決，但有些則需要雙方共同協商解決。在溝通中，一些基于文化差異而導致的誤解或沖突就在所難免。針對這個情況，有人做溝通的橋梁，避免誤解和沖突，事情就會峰回路轉、柳暗花明。在調查中弗迪南還發現，隨著學漢語的布隆迪人增多和中國文化在布的傳播，很多布隆迪人已經開始了解中國，中國人在布工作時如果遇到困難，都會有布隆迪人幫助他們解決，所以繼續加大文化傳播就非常必要。基于此，弗迪南將個人工作重點放在了漢語教學、文化傳播和幫助孔院進行對外溝通上，以此來促進孔院的進一步發展。

漢語教學是弗迪南工作的重中之重。由于自己就是一個從零基礎開始的漢語學習者，對于如何克服障礙學好漢語，他有豐富的經驗和獨到的見解。比如對于中學生，他將重點集中在學生學漢語的興趣培養上，較多用拼音、圖片講解，用他們最熟悉的東西與漢語產生關聯，鼓勵學生多看漢語電影，看中文版的兒童書籍。同時，結合自己的特長，他還將音樂、體育教學內容嫁接到漢語教學中來，極大地引起了學生的興趣。最突出的是在體育教學體驗中，學生通過體育課直接體驗的模式將球類、肢體運動、比賽用語等漢語詞匯銘記在心，取得了很好的教學效果。弗迪南說，作為一名本土教師，加之自己是男性，擅長體育運動，很清楚哪些運動項目在布隆迪普遍流行和受歡迎，這樣再準確地對接漢語詞匯，學生學得很快樂。

對于大學生，由于他們年齡大，語言表達能力強一些，就讓他們拼音、漢字同步學，課堂教學則多采用直觀教學、情景教學等學生喜歡學習效果又好的方法。作為課堂教學的補充，弗迪南還非常重視培養學生自學的好習慣，鼓勵學生用智能手機上網自學。最具有特點的是，由于布隆迪人語言掌握情況復雜，加上有些學生來自不同國家，所以大家擅長的語言不一，針對這種情況，弗迪南充分發揮自己的語言優勢，用不同語言給學生講解，學生很容易產生親近感和融入感，也很快喜歡上了這個略帶靦腆的本土老師。

作為首個本土漢教老師，弗迪南的目標是想成為一名布隆迪的漢教專家。由于在中國學習漢語的經歷，弗迪南接觸了很多優秀的中國傳統教育思想。孔子的“知之者不如好之者，好之者不如樂之者”教育思想讓他認識到授課中培養學生興趣的重要性;“溫故而知新”“學而時習之，不亦說乎”讓他注重培養學生及時復習、鞏固知識的好習慣;“學無常師”的理念讓弗迪南經常鼓勵學生要開發多途徑學習，打開學生的視野和思維;因材施教、啟發誘導的方法讓他設計課堂教學時有了要先了解學生不同特點的意識。中國優秀的傳統教育思想不僅讓弗迪南在實踐中受益匪淺，也讓他對這些教育思想產生了極其濃厚的興趣。他打算將這些教育思想在布隆迪傳播和實施，同時結合語言學習和教學的特點，打造一個適合在布隆迪推廣的漢教模式，從而圓自己成為漢教專家的職業夢想。

祝弗迪南夢想成真！

Ferdinand， born in a family ofteachers in Bujumbura， is ahandsome fellow with a height of1.8m and able to speak five languagesincluding Chinese， English， French，Kirundi and Kiswahili. Since thevery moment when he truly becamea local teacher of the ConfuciusInstitute at the University of Burundi，he has been holding a dream-becoming an excellent Chineseteaching expert in Burundi.

Ferdinand's tie with Chinesedates back t0 2012 when theConfucius Institute at the Universityof Burundi was established. Asa freshman of the Universitymajoring in computer and electronicengineering， though Ferdinand hadbeen able to speak four languagesincluding English， French， Kirundiand Kiswahili， he signed up for theChinese language learning class ina hope to enjoy more opportunitieswith the ability to speak one morelanguage， hence starting the learningof his fifth language. Befo re learningChinese， Ferdinand barely knewabout China but the word \"China\" inFrench plus a bit knowledge about thecountry learned from the geographyclass. However， once he got to learnChinese， he was deeply attractedby the language and the Chineseculture. After one year of hard work，Ferdinand successfully passed theHSK （Level l） Examination andwon the scholarship for a one-yearChinese study in Shenyang NormalUniversity. Therefore， he speciallycame to China for his Chinese study.One year later， Ferdinand wentback to the University of Burundi tocomplete his major courses whilesticking to his Chinese study at theConfucius Institute. After graduation，as he acted as the te aching secretaryof the Confucius Institute， he keptlearning Chinese and passed theHSK （Level 5） Examination. By takingthis opportunity， Ferdinand wonanother scholarship for pursuing theMaster's Degree of Teaching Chineseto Speakers of Other Languages（MTCSOL） at Bohai University， onceagain coming to China for furtheringhis Chinese studies. He graduatedsmoothly in the end and earnedhis master's degree in July 2018. Atthat time， The Confucius InstituteHeadquarters was right recruitinglocal Chinese teachers throughscreening examinations. Ferdinandmanage d to pass these examinationsand thus was appointed as a teacherof the Confucius Institute at theUniversity of Burundi.

In order to do a good job as alocal Chinese teacher and find theniche in his job， Ferdinand carriedout a special investigation into thespecific needs of language learningand the current development ofthe Confucius Institute. He foundfrom the investigation that withthe implementation of China's Beltand Road Initiative， plus the goodrelationship between China andBurundi， the volume of Chineseinvestment in Burundi has been onthe rise. In this context， Burundianswho are proficient in Chinese maybe employed by local Chineseenterprises or serve as translatorsand interpreters in other countries.As a result， greater needs forlearning Chinese emerge. In termsof the development of the ConfuciusInstitute， Ferdinand learned thatafter six years' growth， the ConfuciusInstitute at the University of Burundihas made such extraordinaryachievements as building moreteaching sites， enrolling moreChinese learning students on a yearlybasis， improved teaching qualityand setting Chinese language as acredit course in universities eventhough Chinese teaching has not yetbeen incorporated into the nationaleducation system. However， there arealways challenges and unexpecteddifficulties arising in the course ofdevelopment. Ferdinand found thatsome of them can be solved by theConfucius Institute itself while othersshould be handled jointly by bothparties involved through discussion.Therefore， misunderstandings andconflicts due to cultural differencesin communication are inevitable. Insuch cases， anyone who can bridgethe gap in communication may helpavoid such misunderstandings andconflicts and turn adverse situationsaround. Ferdinand also found thatas more and more Burundians arelearning Chinese and Chinese culturecontinues to spread in Burundi， alarge number of Burundians havestarted to learn about China， and thatChinese people will always receivehelp from Burundians wheneverthey encounter difficulties in work inBurundi. There fo re， strengtheningcultural dissemination becomes anecessity. To this end， Ferdinandhas focused on teaching Chineselanguage， spreading Chinese cultureand facilitating the communicationbetween the Confucius Institute andthe outside world in his work so asto promote the development of theConfucius Institute.

Chinese Language Teachingremains the top priority inFerdinand's work. As for how toovercome obstacles in learningChinese well， he has rich experienceand insightful views since hehimself is a Chinese learner startingfrom scratch. For instance， as formiddle school students， Ferdinandconcentrates on developing theirinterest in learning Chinese byinstructing lessons with spellings andpictures， linking Chinese words andphrases with objects they know thebest， and encouraging them to watchChinese movies and read children'sbooks in Chinese. At the same time，he combines his own strengths byincorporating Chinese teaching intomusic and sports teaching， greatlyarousing the students' interest.What stands out in his teaching isthat he applies Chinese teaching insports teaching where students canmemorize the Chinese words of balls，body movements， sports expressionsand so on based on their experiencein sports class， which has deliveredexcellent teaching results. Accordingto Ferdinand， as a local teacher， withhis male gender and excellence insports activities as a plus， he knowsvery well what kinds of sports arepopular among the public in Burundi，and students will learn Chinesehappily by matching the wordscorrectly with the sports.

As for college students whoare old enough and boast strongerexp ressiveness， Ferdinand will askthem to learn Chinese spellings andwords simultaneously and adoptteaching methods such as intuitionalinstruction and situational teachingin class， which are welcomed bystudents and produce great learningeffect. In addition， Ferdinandattaches great importance tocultivating students' self-studyhabits and encourages students tostu dy online with their smart phonesafter class. The most distinctivein teaching college students is thediversity of the languages spokenby Burundians. Besides， some of hisstudents even come from differentcountries， so not all of them are well-versed in one single language. In thiscase， Ferdinand will instruct lessonsin different languages， making fulluse of his language strengths， andthus creating an intimate feelingand sense of engagement among hisstudents. As a result， all students arefascinated with Ferdinand， a slightlyshy teacher.

As the first-ever indigenousChinese teacher， Ferdinand dreamsto be an expert in Chinese teaching inBurundi. Thanks to his experience oflearning Chinese in China， Ferdinandhas acquired many excellenttraditional Chinese educationalideas. From Confucius' educationalidea saying \"they who know the truthare not equal to those who love it， andthey who love it are not equal to thosewho delight in it\"， he realizes theimportance of developing student'sinterest in teaching. Enlightenedby the ideas of \"if a man keepscherishing his old knowledge， hewill continually be acquiring new\"and \"Is it not pleasant to learnwith a constant perseverance andapplication？\"， he focuses on helpingstudents cultivate their good habits of timely review and consolidatingwhat they have learned. Enlightenedby the idea of \"one should not limitthemselves to particular teachers\"，he often encourages his students tolearn through multiple channels， thus expanding their vision andimproving their thinking patterns.With the methods of individualizedteaching and heuristic teaching，he knows that designs of classroomteaching should be based onstudents' personalities. Not onlyhave these outstanding traditionalChinese educational ideas bene fitedFerdinand a lot in his teachingpractice， but also they attractedmuch his interest， so he decides topropagate and implement these ideasin Burundi， and at the same timecombines the features in languagelearning and teaching to create aChinese teaching model that is easyto be promoted in Burundi， thusre alizing his career goal of becominga Chinese teaching expert.

We wish his dream come true！