佘華龍 陳凱



[摘要] 目的 探討表皮生長因子受體酪氨酸激酶抑制劑(EGFR-TKIS)聯合125I放射性粒子植入治療非小細胞肺癌的效果。 方法 選取2015年6月~2017年5月湘南學院附屬醫院放射科收治的非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者70例,根據治療方法不同分為對照組(35例)觀察組(35例),對照組患者給予EGFR-TKIS治療,觀察組在對照組基礎上聯合125I放射性粒子植入治療。比較兩組療效、不良反應及生存率,同時比較兩組治療前后卡氏功能狀態評分(KPS評分)。結果 觀察組有效率和局部控制率均高于對照組,差異有統計學意義(均P < 0.05)。兩組氣胸、腹瀉、皮膚不良反應及骨髓抑制的發生率比較,差異無統計學意義(P > 0.05)。截至隨訪末共30個月,對照組死亡26例,觀察組死亡18例。觀察組1年生存率和2年生存率均高于對照組,且無進展生存時間明顯高于對照組(P < 0.05)。治療3個月后觀察組KPS評分顯著高于對照組(P < 0.05)。 結論 EGFR-TKIS聯合125I放射性粒子植入能夠提高NSCLC患者治療效果及局部控制率,同時提高患者1、2年生存率及無進展生存期,改善治療后患者生活質量,不增加治療風險。
[關鍵詞] 表皮生長因子受體酪氨酸激酶抑制劑;125I放射性粒子植入;非小細胞肺癌;療效
[中圖分類號] R734.2? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-7210(2020)03(b)-0121-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKIS) combined with 125I radioactive seed implantation in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods From June 2015 to May 2017, 70 patients with NSCLC from Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University were selected. According to the different treatment methods, they were divided into the control group (35 cases) and the observation group (35 cases). The patients in the control group were treated with EGFR-TKIS, and the observation group was treated with 125I radioactive seed implantation on the basis of the control group. The curative effect, the adverse reaction and the survival rate of the two groups were compared, and the Karnofsky performance starus score (KPS score) before and after treatment was compared. Results The effective rate and local control rate in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in pneumothorax, diarrhea, adverse reaction of skin and the rate of bone marrow suppression between the two groups (P > 0.05). Follow-up was conducted for 30 months, 26 cases died in the control group and 18 cases in the observation group. The 1 year survival rate and 2 years survival rate in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The non-progression survival time was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the Karlman score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion EGFR-TKIS combined with 125I radioactive seed implantation can improve the therapeutic effect and local control rate of NSCLC patients, improve the 1 year and 2 years survival rate and progression-free survival time of patients, improve the quality of life of patients after treatment, and do not increase the risk of treatment.
在常規放射性治療晚期NSCLC患者過程中若達到完全殺滅腫瘤細胞的目的需輻射劑量達到100 Gy,過大的輻射量會損傷患者多個器官及系統,顯著增加放射性肺炎的發生風險,同時患者的總生存期在高水平輻射劑量時可明顯縮短[15-16]。125I放射性粒子植入是目前治療中晚期NSCLC患者的微創手段,屬于內放射治療的范疇,放射粒子通過釋放出γ射線達到破壞被照射細胞DNA鏈的目的,使其無法增殖進而達到治療目的[17-19]。此外有研究顯示[20],低能量的γ射線對增殖活躍的G2、M期腫瘤細胞作用更加明顯,在劑量達到3 cGy左右就能產生抑制腫瘤細胞增殖的作用。有關研究顯示[21-22],EGFR-TKIS藥物具有增強細胞對射線敏感性的作用,聯合放射性粒子植入能夠產生更好的治療效果,此外孫穎等[23]指出125I放射性粒子植入瘤體局部照射后能改變腫瘤組織與正常組織的劑量分配比,使治療靶區照射劑量遠高于非治療靶區,達到保護正常組織的效果,同時可降低放射性肺炎等疾病的發生風險。本研究結果顯示,125I放射性粒子聯合EGFR-TKIS能夠提高NSCLC患者局部控制率,分析后認為,放射性粒子植入后能夠緩慢釋放射線,此過程可持續200 d,較單純藥物治療而言,對局部腫瘤組織的治療作用更加明顯。本研究結果提示,125I放射性粒子植入不增加治療風險,并可改善NSCLC患者治療后的生活質量,分析后認為與二者聯合產生協同治療作用有關。
綜上所述,EGFR-TKIS聯合125I放射性粒子植入能夠提高NSCLC患者治療效果及局部控制率,同時提高患者1、2年生存率及無進展生存期,改善患者生活質量,不增加治療風險。
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(收稿日期:2019-09-17? 本文編輯:封? ?華)