You can help after a natural disaster

自然災害是當今世界面臨的重大問題之一，不但影響經濟、社會的可持續發展，并且威脅人類的生存。災后，我們個人可以做什么來幫助災區呢？

題材 體裁 篇幅 建議用時自然災害 說明文400詞 8分鐘

難詞探意

1.sergeant/?sɑ?d??nt/n.陸軍（或空軍）中士

2.deploy/d??pl??/v.部署；調度（軍隊或武器）

3.therapy/?θer?pi/n.治療；療法

The wrong donations end up costing charities precious dollars just to store leftovers—which is why clothing may not be the best use of your donation efforts.Learn how you can help families and communities in the most resource-wise ways with these ideas.

Think of the children

“Children's needs are important during disasters,”said Paul Grattan,Jr.,asergeantand 17-year veteran(老手)of the New York City Police Department who has disaster response-and-recovery experience. “As families impacted by a disaster try to shield their children from the effects,they seek to supply them with the entertainment,toys,snacks,juices,candies,and other treats and comfort items they are accustomed to,particularly in less-immediate post-disaster environments.”Turn your dollars into toys and entertainment options for kids of all ages.Shelters can accept these donations and distribute them appropriately.

Donate your skills to your community

If you are trained in disaster response,you can contact your local emergency services and the Red Cross to see if they are seeking volunteers.Let them know your capabilities and availability.They will follow up if they're ready todeployvolunteers.Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster zone expecting to find ways to help.

Spend time caring for families and individuals at shelters

“Time and comfort are the two most important things you can give free of charge,”said Carole Lieberman,MD,a psychiatrist and author. “Spend time listening to the victims with a compassionate ear.Bring books,and read to the children.”If you're not near the affected area,Lieberman said you can also help sponsor companies to bringtherapydogs,books,or food to shelters or communities.

Become a volunteer now for the future

“Aside from financial donations,volunteering is the best way to give,”Gustafson said.However,you have to begin this process long before any disaster hits.The Red Cross,and relief organizations like a trained group of volunteers who can jump into action.They don't have the resources to train during relief periods.

Give cash

For international disasters,the USAID Center for International Disaster Information strongly recommends donating cash.“When people donate material items to those affected by international disasters,the items themselves are costly to ship,and often items are not what is needed at that moment,”says a spokesperson for the relief organization.Just make sure you're donating to an organization you can trust.

Reading Check

1.What's the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2?

A.Protect.

B.Educate.

C.Escape.

D.Separate.

2.Who can choose to donate their skills to their communities?

A.People who have a lot of time.

B.People who are trained in disaster response.

C.People who have much experience in caring.

D.People who like children very much.

3.Why do relief organizations like trained volunteers?

A.They don't have the right to train volunteers.

B.They don't have the time to train volunteers.

C.They don't have the resources to train volunteers.

D.They don't have the capabilities to train volunteers.

Language Study

Sentence for writing

For international disasters,the USAID Center for International Disaster Information strongly recommends donating cash.對于國際災難，美國國際開發署災難信息中心強烈建議捐款。

【信息提取】...strongly recommend doing...意為“……強烈建議做……”。

【句式仿寫】這些專家強烈建議每年一定把機器檢修一次。

主題應用·語庫構建

Ⅰ.熱詞積累

1.災難名稱

earthquake 地震

avalanche 雪崩

tsunami 海嘯

landslide 山體滑坡

mudslide 泥石流

forest fire 森林大火

flood 洪水

typhoon 臺風

drought 干旱

hail 冰雹

hurricane 颶風

downpour 暴雨

blizzard 暴風雪

dust storm 沙塵暴

haze 霾

volcano eruption 火山爆發

2.相關動詞

erupt 噴發

destroy 毀壞

damage 損害

cause 造成

rescue 救援

help/assist 幫助

donate 捐贈

rebuild 重建

preserve 保存；保護

disappear 消失；滅絕；消亡

attempt 企圖；試圖；嘗試

recover 恢復；康復

remove 去除；移開；脫去

intend 打算；計劃；想要

threaten 威脅；危及

exist 存在；生存

3.表示心理狀態的形容詞

honest 誠實的

trustful 充滿信任的

brave 勇敢的

generous 慷慨的

enthusiastic 熱心的

responsible 負責的

helpful 有益的

frightened 害怕的

desperate 絕望的

useful 有用的

hopeful 有希望的

confident 有信心的

discouraged 失望的

4.相關短語

prevent...from...防止……

protect...from...保護……免受……的侵害

do harm to 對……造成損害

in ruins 嚴重受損

come to one's rescue 來救某人

suffer from 遭受

break out 爆發

put out the fire 撲滅火

take part in 加入

take place 發生

escape from 逃離

lose one's life 失去生命

be covered with 被……覆蓋

be flooded with 被……淹沒

return to normal 恢復正常

cause great damage 造成巨大的損害

blow away 刮走

wash away 沖走

lead to 導致

turn to 向……求助

Ⅱ.話題金句

1.I learned that a terrible earthquake happened in your city.I am really concerned about you and your family.我得知你們城市發生了一場可怕的地震。我真的很擔心你和你的家人。

2.I'm so sorry to hear about the disaster,which caused six deaths and left more than 500 persons injured,29 persons missing and over 200 houses falling down.得知這場災難我感到很難過，它造成6人死亡，500多人受傷，29人失蹤，200多所房屋倒塌。

3.The Chinese people are donating money and materials to fight the earthquake.全國人民正在為抗震救災捐款、捐物。

4.Every effort will be made to save lives if there is the slightest hope.如果有一線希望，就要千方百計挽救生命。

5. The emergency workers continued to search the ruined buildings for victims and succeeded in saving some survivors.救援隊員們繼續在倒塌的樓房中搜尋遇難者，成功地救出了幾名幸存者。

6.We must take effective measures to help the villagers to rebuild their homes.我們必須采取有效的措施來幫助村民們重建家園。

7.What amazed me was that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.讓我吃驚的是，這位老人捐出所有的錢來資助當地學校。

8.What impressed me most is the way the people face the disaster.給我印象最深的是人們面對災難的方式。

9.The little boy was the only one surviving the earthquake in his village.這個小男孩是他的村子里唯一一個在地震中幸存下來的人。

10.Quantities of supplies were transported to the local people immediately the flood happened.洪水一發生，大量的物資就被運送給當地人。

11.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake,the city took on a new look.在遭受大地震后不久，這座城市面貌煥然一新。

12.With so many miners buried under the mine,none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest.有這么多礦工被埋在礦井下，沒有一個救援人員會停下來休息。

Ⅲ.情境應用

假定你是李華，是一名不久前經歷了地震的中學生。請你就以下內容向報社寫一封信，反映災后情況，并對提供各方面幫助的愛心人士表達謝意。要點如下：

1.目睹了人們奮不顧身救人，及時運送救援物資；

2.在眾多陌生人的幫助下，找回自己的父母，正在重建家園；

3.更加珍惜來之不易的學習機會，將來會努力學習，回報他人。注意：

1.詞數100左右；

2.開頭和結尾已經給出，不計入總詞數。

Dear editor,

I'm a senior student that has experienced a great earthquake.I wrote to you to express my thanks to those who helped us when we suffered the disaster.

Yours,

Li Hua