蓮青樓、美軍招待所舊址 見證中美反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭歷史

Green Lotus House and Guesthouse for US Soldiers：

a 'historical witness' of China-US? military alliance during Anti-fascist War

沿著風(fēng)光秀麗的南山步道行至重慶抗戰(zhàn)遺址博物館，一路林木茂密清幽。1992年，黃山抗戰(zhàn)遺址被重慶市政府列為市級文物保護(hù)單位，2005年10月19日，重慶抗戰(zhàn)遺址博物館正式對外開放。博物館內(nèi)現(xiàn)存的一棟文物建筑遺址—蓮青樓，曾是美國軍事援華代表團(tuán)駐地，是中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭和世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭的重要?dú)v史見證。

蓮青樓建于20世紀(jì)30年代，因樓前山壑有蓮池而得名，池水清澈，蓮花盛開，四周綠葉成蔭。它建于山坳平地，座北朝南，由主樓和附樓兩座小樓組成，總占地面積約1042平方米，主樓占地279平方米，華麗壯觀且頗具西洋特色。

建筑內(nèi)部裝修采用西方近現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格，由于蓮青樓所處的位置通風(fēng)不好，修建時(shí)就在屋頂與天花板之間建了一個(gè)“天然空調(diào)”，而木質(zhì)地板與地面之間也留有30厘米的距離，便于通風(fēng)防潮。

該建筑作為抗戰(zhàn)期間美國軍事援華代表團(tuán)駐地，蔣介石的顧問端納、參謀長史迪威、顧問團(tuán)長巴大維、顧問陳納德等人曾到訪或在此居住。

位于南岸區(qū)南山街道南山公園路11號的美軍招待所舊址，是一棟三面圍廊式建筑，頗具中西合璧的折衷主義風(fēng)格和山地特色，對于研究重慶近代建筑的發(fā)展歷史具有參考價(jià)值。整棟建筑修建于由條石壘砌的基座上，每面磚墻外均有6根柱子，柱子下施有覆盆式柱礎(chǔ)，屋頂為小青瓦、歇山式屋面。

該建筑于1898年由瑞典人安達(dá)森修建。20世紀(jì)30年代為國民政府21軍獨(dú)立旅袁筱如旅長府宅，抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期又將此辟為美軍招待所。2013年5月被列為重慶市第七批國家級文物保護(hù)單位。

Traveling along the picturesque walking trail on Nanshan Mountain， which takes you all the way to the Chongqing Historic Sites Museum of the War of Resistance against Japan， you will find lush woods and tranquil grassland. The Museum is a selected historical and cultural site and has been protected by the Chongqing municipality since 1992. Opened on October 19， 2005， Chongqing Historic Sites Museum of the War of Resistance against Japan preserved an old building called Green Lotus House-the station of the Delegation of US Military Aid to China. It is a 'historical witness' of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-fascist War.

Constructed in the 1930s， Green Lotus House got its name for the lotus pond in front of it. The pond has clear water and blossoming lotus， and the house was surrounded by shades of green leaves. It was built on the basin surrounded by hills and covered an area of 1042 ㎡. Facing the south， it consists of one main house and two affiliated buildings. The western-style main house is glorious and covers an area of 279㎡.

It was decorated with a modern western-style too. To solve the problem of poor ventilation， the designer created a 'natural air conditioner' between the roof and the ceiling and kept 30 cm from the wooden floor to the ground to facilitate ventilation and prevent moisture.

It was the station of the US military delegation to China during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. People like Chiang Kai-shek's advisor William Henry Donald， Chief of Staff Joseph Stilwell， Head of United States Military Advisory Group David Goodwin Barr， and advisor Claire Lee Chennault， etc. have visited or stayed at the Green Lotus House.

Located at No. 11， Nanshan Park Road， Nanshan Street， Nanan District， the Guesthouse for the US Soldiers is a building circled with three corridors. It combined Chinese and western style， and also represented the architecture of the mountainous area. For the study of the history of modern architecture in Chongqing， it has great value： it has a gable and hip roof with small green tiles， and it was built on a stone-block base with six columns on each side of the brick wall， and each column was supported by an up-side-down basin.

The building was built in 1898 by Andersen， a Swede. It was the house of Yuan Xiaoru， commander of an independent brigade of the 21st army of Nanjing National government， and it later turned to the guest house for the US Solider during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. In May 2013 it was listed as Chongqings seventh batch of national-level major historical and cultural sites.