劉建海 范菊萍 陳剛 王藝林 郭彩霞


摘要? ? 以張掖市文冠果省級文冠果良種基地進入結果初期的文冠果為研究對象,通過連續3年對基地內生長5年的文冠果單株產量等因子進行了調查,并對2年、3年、4年、5年、6年、7年不同齡級文冠果良種產量進行了測定;同時開展了文冠果種子播種品質的研究。結果表明,進入結果初期的文冠果單株產果1.085 kg,平均單果重32.18 g,果實出種率44.81%,平均單株產種483.88 g,平均單果產種14.42 g。隨著文冠果生長年齡的增大,結實量也顯著增加。
關鍵詞? ? 文冠果;產量;播種品質;河西地區
中圖分類號? ? S565.9? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼? ? A
文章編號? ?1007-5739(2020)14-0117-01
Abstract? ? The study took the Xanthoceras sorbifolia of Provincial Xanthoceras sorbifolia Forest Tree Fine Variety Base in Zhangye City as the research object, which were in the early fruiting stage. We investigated the factors for 3 years, such as yield per plant of Xanthoceras sorbifolia growing 5 years in the base, and measured the yield of fine variety with different ages(2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years). At the same time, the research on the seed sowing quality of Xanthoceras sorbifolia was carried out. The results showed that the yield per plant of Xanthoceras sorbifolia in the early fruiting stage was 1.085 kg, average weight per fruit was 32.18 g, seed production rate of fruit was 44.81%, and average seed yield per plant was 483.88 g, average seed yield per fruit was 14.42 g. With the increase of the growing age of Xanthoceras sorbifolia, the fruit yield also increased significantly.
Key words? ? Xanthoceras sorbifolia; yield; seed sowing quality; Hexi region
文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolia)屬無患子科文冠果屬落葉灌木或小喬木,是我國特有的珍貴木本油料樹種[1]。文冠果具有耐瘠薄、耐干旱、耐鹽堿的特性,是適合在干旱半干旱區沙荒地種植的先鋒樹種之一。近年來,文冠果在甘肅河西地區種植規模不斷擴大,張掖市文冠果省級林木良種基地始建于2009年,目前最早栽植的文冠果均已進入結果初期[2]。截至目前,基地主要開展了文冠果繁育技術、NaCl脅迫、施肥效應、造林效果、種子品質等方面的研究,但對文冠果產量和播種品質方面的研究很少。本研究主要開展了單株產量和種子播種品質的研究,以期為文冠果產量估算和種子育苗提供基礎數據。
1? ? 材料與方法
1.1? ? 良種基地概況
研究區位于甘肅省張掖市省級文冠果林木良種基地,海拔1 450 m,其地理坐標為北緯39°01′46″、東經100°31′56″,屬中溫帶干旱荒漠大陸性氣候,年均氣溫7 ℃,極端最高氣溫38.6 ℃,極端最低氣溫-28.7 ℃,年均降水量129 mm,年蒸發量2 074.9 mm,年平均相對濕度52%,全年日照時數為3 085 h,無霜期156 d?!?br>